Inquiry and Data Analysis Jes Donahue, Jenna Stampf & Mike Hunsberger

1. Enzymes in Detergent Question: How does surface area effect a detergent’s enzematic reaction? Hypothesis: The larger the surface area the greater the enzematic reaction. Materials: * 5 gelatin cubes (1 cm x1 cm, 2 cm x2 cm, 3 cm x 3 cm, 4 cm x4 cm, 5 cm x 5 cm) * 5 tsp Gain detergent * 400 mL dH20 * 5 plastic cups Data: Conclusions: The 5 x 5 cube lost the most amount of mass and volume. This is because there is more surface area in the 5 cm x 5 cm cube. The enzymes were able to make more contact with the larger sized gelatin, thus allowing the enzymes to break down more of the gelatin. Skittle in the Middle Xylem Flow Fermentation Question: Which substance (almonds, pretzels, Cinnamon Toast Crunch )will ferment the most? Hypothesis: We predict that the Cinnamon Toast Crunch will ferment the most because it has the highest sugar content. Materials: *4 flasks * 10 g of each (almonds, pretzels, Cinnamon Toast Crunch) * 1 tsp yeast for each * 50 mL warm water for each * 4 balloons Data: Conclusions: The Cinnamon Toast Crush fermented the most , the almonds fermented the second most, the pretzels fermented the least. This is because the Cinnamon Toast Crunch had the most amount of sugar and the pretzels had the least. The pretzel did however ferment more than the control because it contained a small amount of sugar. Question: In which liquid will the M&M color reach the orange line the fastest? Hypothesis: We predict that the M & M in the water will lose its color the fastest. Materials: * 4 Blue M & Ms * petri dish * circle with colored measuring lines * water * vinegar *sucrose *cooking oil Data: Conclusions: The color on the M & M diffused fastest in the hot water because the concentration of solute was lowest in the water than in the other 3 solvents. Question: Will decreasing the temperature increase or decrease the rate of xylem flow? Hypothesis: Decreasing the temperature will decrease the rate of xylem flow. Materials: * Coleus leaf * Safranin solution * Light * Thermometer * Ice bath Graph: Conclusion: The rate of xylem flow is less when the temperature is decreased. This is shown by the Trial 2 line on the graph. Trial 1 was done at room temperature and Trial 2 was conducted in an ice bath. You can see that Trial 1 increased at a higher rate than Trial 2. We hypothesize that this is due to the molecules moving faster at a higher temperature. Inquiry and Data AnalysisJes Donahue, Jenna Stampf & Mike Hunsberger