Minimizing Risks from Introduction of New Shrimp Species

1. Minimizing Risks from Introduction of New Shrimp Species Pornlerd Chanratchakool AAHRI, Dept. of Fisheries, BKK. Thailand.

2. Why introduced • Too many problems with the old species • Sound more profitable • Better performance • Easy to adopt the culture system • Less disease problem

3. Major risks • Risk from disease • Causing serious disease problem • New diseases • Impact on the other diseases • Causing biodiversity problems ?? • Causing market problem • Causing residue problem indirectly

4. Risks from shrimp diseaseCausing market problem • Spreading disease to importing country To avoid that : • Required screening/ testing/ certification system • Production cost will be higher • Loosing competitiveness

5. Can we prevent the importation ? • Very difficult • Especially we have open boarder • Too many entry points • Less restrict in some points • Law enforcement ?? • Can not be apply effectively • Therefore, we can not stop completely

6. If not; what is the possible way ? • Allow to import under some restrictions?? May be better • Developed new law / improved existing law and implemented ?? May be late • Set up the quarantine/certification system ?? • Implemented disease surveillance system ?? • Followed the regional guideline

7. Quarantine and Certification • It was 25 years ago when the subject fish diseases in South East Asia was first discussed in a regional meeting held in Indonesia in 1978. Since then, there are a number of both national and regional meetings to discuss issues concerning quarantine/certification, disease and other impacts of the international movement of aquatic animals.

8. What is the outcome? There are many documents were published and disseminated to the target groups.

9. Office International des Epizooties – World Animal Health Organization • OIE Aquatic Animal Health Code • OIE Diagnostic Manual for Aquatic Animal Diseases obligatory 158 Member Governments

10. “Technical Guidelines” • Guiding Principles • List of Pathogens • Disease Diagnosis • Health Certification and Quarantine Measures • Disease Zoning • Disease Surveillance and Reporting • Contingency Planning • Import Risk Analysis • National Strategies and Regulatory Frameworks • Capacity Building • Implementation

11. Beijing Consensus and Implementation Strategy • Manual of Procedures for the Implementation of the ‘Technical Guidelines’ • Asia Diagnostic Guide to Aquatic Animal Diseases

12. Setting up“National programme on aquatic animal health quarantine and certification” • Working group/committee on aquatic animal health quarantine and certification at the national level has form. • It included representatives from various agencies who are involve. • Developed • “The National Disease Control Plan”

13. Disease surveillance and monitoring Quarantine : Import/Export regulation List of diseases to be controlled by regional agreement National Disease Control Plan Risk assessment Emergency Planning to control and eradicate the disease outbreak Diseases eradication and disinfecting procedures Law and regislation to control the diseases

14. Asia-Pacific Quarterly Aquatic Animal Disease (QAAD) Reporting System • With OIE Regional Representation for Asia-Pacific (Tokyo) • 1997 OIE list + some diseases important in Asia-Pacific region • Commenced in 1998/3 • 14 quarterly issues published to-date

15. Quarantine: Importation of live aquatic animals (P.vannamei) for specific purpose (selective breeding program only) 1. Imported premise approval Make a request for farm inspection to DOF Inspectors give advice Inspectors visit the farm Fail Pass Go to step II

16. Quarantine: Importation of live aquatic animals II. Make a request for an import permit Make a request for an import permit DOF checks all documents, health, species and origin Advice is given Fail Pass Go to step III

17. Quarantine: Importation of live aquatic animals III. on arrival Company notifies the quarantine officers 2days in advance before arrival Still keep the shrimp until 3 weeks quarantine before distribution arrival Quarantine officers check documents and shrimp (Level I) Shrimp are kept in the quarantine area in the company/farm Inform health inspectors Pass, no diseases detected Health inspectors observe the shrimp and collect specimen for laboratorydisease detection Lab results Fail, shrimp will be destroyed

18. If disease (notifiable/important) found • Report to OIE (NACA-FAO Body), then will informed the members • Destroy stocks • Contained in control facility • Avoiding contact with others • Monitoring • Eradication • Cost for set up the system to monitor and eradication program will be very high

19. Constraint • Many countries still can’t comply with relevant regional or international agreements and treaties as they don’t have the required capacity • Thus, many international protocols, which governs aquatic animal health management, can’t be effectively applied in ASEAN yet • Many proven success stories in other parts of the world will not be successful in Asia, without carefully adapting them to regional and local situations • Therefore, each country need to agree and implement on a minimum standard for import and export regulation esp. on quarantine procedure

20. Thanks you for your attentions !!!