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The Scholarly Journal Article . Writing in CSD. Title . Should be brief, informative, and descriptive of the subject matter. Should contain keywords/variables. Abstract . Short summary of the entire article: purpose, method, results, and conclusions.
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The Scholarly Journal Article Writing in CSD
Title • Should be brief, informative, and descriptive of the subject matter. • Should contain keywords/variables.
Abstract • Short summary of the entire article: purpose, method, results, and conclusions. • For non-emperical articles/books, the abstract should contain the major ideas. • Abstract should be 100-200 words.
HEADINGS • In the social sciences, functional headings (Introduction, Method, Results, and Discussion) are used. • IMRaD
Introduction • Establishes the subject of the article • Identifies the problem or question • Reviews previous research on the topic • States the purpose of the present study • The introduction answers the question: "Why are we conducting this study?"
Method • The method section answers the question: "How did we conduct the study?" • In the social sciences, the method is usually comprised of 2 subsections: Participants and Procedure • Describes IN DETAIL how the project or study was carried out • **The test of a well-written methodology: the reader could replicate the study based on the descriptions provided in the method section.
Results • The results section answers the question: "What did we find?" • Describes what was found or observed (data) • Uses graphics (tables and figures) in addition to text to fully explain the data • Does not interpret the data; simply reports it
Two common PITFALLS when writing the results section: 1. Writers rely too heavily on graphics; text is inadequate 2. Writers interpret the results
Guidelines for using graphics: • All graphics should serve a purpose • All graphics should be referenced by number and discussed in the text • Tables generally present numerical data • Figures include anything that is not a table: (drawings, graphs, charts, photos) • Any graphic taken out of context should make sense on its own
Discussion/Conclusion • This section answers the question: "Why is this study important, what do the findings mean, how can they be used?" • Interprets the results (data) • Points out the significance of the results (applications, for example) • Notes the limitations of the study • Compares the "present study" to other studies • Points to future needed research on the topic