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Understanding IPv4 and IPv6 Address Space and Their Limitations

This article discusses the exhaustion of IPv4 addresses and the transition to IPv6. An IPv4 address consists of four bytes (32 bits), allowing for a total of approximately 4 billion unique addresses. In contrast, IPv6 addresses are 16 bytes (128 bits) long, enabling a staggering number of unique addresses—about 340 undecillion. The article highlights the format of both address versions and the need for a shift toward IPv6 to accommodate the growing demand for internet connectivity.

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Understanding IPv4 and IPv6 Address Space and Their Limitations

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  1. Web runing out of addreses • http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704254304576116401267588510.html

  2. IPv4 • An IPv4 address consists of four bytes (32 bits). These bytes are also known as octets. • Ex: 234.5.67.190.086 • Each sub area can vary from 000 to 255 (2power8 = 256) • --- . --- . --- . --- • 0.0.0.0 through 255.255.255.255 • total of 32 bits • 2 power32 4 billion addresses

  3. IPv6 • IPv6 addresses are 16 bytes (128 bits) long • 2 power 128 unique addresses • Typically written as: • hhhh:hhhh:hhhh:hhhh:hhhh:hhhh:hhhh:hhhh • each byte in turns is represented as a pair of hexadecimal numbers, like in the following example: • E3D7:0000:0000:0000:51F4:9BC8:C0A8:6420 hhhh:hhhh:hhhh:hhhh:hhhh:hhhh:hhhh:hhhh

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