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Comprehensive Guide to Shipping Costs and Pricing Models for Importing Goods

This guide provides detailed insights into shipping costs, pricing models such as FOB, CFR, and CIF, and logistical considerations when importing goods. It includes average price points (e.g., USD 300 per metric ton FOB Shanghai), commissions, discounts, and calculations necessary for accurate cost assessment. Additionally, it covers key insights into markup percentages, transportation modes, and revision practices for documentation affecting cost. This information is essential for importers and freight forwarders to effectively manage shipping expenses and maximize profitability.

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Comprehensive Guide to Shipping Costs and Pricing Models for Importing Goods

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    1. ??? ???? ??: 1 ????????????????????? 2 ????????????: A ???? B ???? C ???? D ??????

    2. ??? ???? ??????(????????) ??:???????????(???) ??: US $ 300 per metric ton ???? ?????? ???? CIF New York ????

    3. ???????? ??:??????????? ??????(??????) ??:????????????,?????????,?????????????????

    4. ?????? ??:????????????,?????????????,??????????????????????????,????????

    5. ??? ???? ??: 1 ?????????????????,?????????????????????????????,?????????? 2 ????????????????????? 3 ?????,??????????? 4 ?????,???????????

    6. ??:?????????????????????????. ??:?????????????????????????

    7. ?????/????,???????? ???????: ?. ???? ??????,????????????????????????. ????????? ??????????????

    8. ??????????(?????) 1 ??????????????(????????????????)???,????????????????????????????????. 2 ????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????.

    9. ? ?????? ?????????,?????????????????.???,????????????????????,???????????????????????,???????????????.

    10. ??? ?????? ?.??????? ??????,FOB?CFR?CIF???????: 1 ?????????????,????????? ???; 2 ?????????????????????????,????????????????????????????; 3 ??????????????????????????,??????????

    11. ???????,???????????? ?: 1 ??????????? 2 ?????????? 3 ?????,???? 4 ????(??),????(??)

    12. ??: ???????????????????????????????.???(????)???,??????????,?????????????????????????(MTD).?????????5????????(CY)??????,??????????????,??????????.???????????????????;??????????????????.??????,??????,?????.

    13. 1 ????????????????FOB,CFR?CIF????? 2 ????????????????? 3 ?????,??????????????????

    14. ? ????????? 1??(???????????)????? 1)FOB????CFR?CIF? CFR=FOB+?? CIF=FOB+??+??? =FOB+??+CIF(1+?????)X???? CIF=FOB+??/1-????(1+?????) =CFR/1-????(1+?????)

    15. ?:?????????????,???????450??FOB??,???????CIF??.???????????(????50??,????0.8% ?????10%)

    16. ?:?????: CIF?=FOB+??/1-????X(1+????? =450+50/1-110%X0.8%=504.4?? ??,????????504.4??CIF??. 2)FCA????CPT?CIP? CPT=FCA+?? CIP=FCA+??/1-????(1+?????)

    17. ?:????????10000??CIP??(?????,?????1%),?????????????,????????,????CPT?,??????

    18. ?:????: CIP=CPT/1-????(1+?????) 10000=CPT/1-(1+10%)X1% CPT=10000X(1-110%X1%) =9890??

    19. ??? ????? ????????????? 1 ?? ??:??????????????????????????????? ??:??????????????? 2 ?? ????????????????????????,???????????????,???????

    20. ???????????? (?)??????? 1 ????? ??: US$ 335 per metric ton CIF New York including 2% commission 2 ???????C?????? ??: US$335 per metric ton CIFC2% New York

    21. (?)??????? ??????? ??: US $300 per metric ton FOB Shanghai less 2% discount ??: 1 ????????????,??????????????????,?????????????????(???); 2 ?????,???????????“??”??? ??:US$300 per metric ton FOB Shanghai net

    22. ???????????? (?)????? 1 ?????(????)?????(???) ??????????????,??????? 2 ?FOB?FCA???????(???????)

    23. 3 ??=???×??? ??=???- ??= ???×(1-???) ???=??/1-??? ?:?????????????CIF?850??,?????????CIFC4%.??????????

    24. ???=??/1-??? =850/1-4%=885.4?? ??:885.4X4%=35.42????? 885.4X96%=850?????.

    25. (?)????? ??=????×???

    26. ???????????? 1 ????????????????????????????? 2 ???????????????? 3 ??????????????????

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