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Innovative Low-Power FWIRE System for Brain Study Using Integrate-and-Fire Neuron Modeling

The Florida Wireless Implantable Recording Electrodes (FWIRE) system, developed by UF's Computational NeuroEngineering Lab, represents a breakthrough in brain research. This low-power, wireless, and minimally invasive technology implants under the skin to analyze individual neurons without requiring external devices. With 16 channels at 20kHz sampling, it transmits data efficiently while minimizing tissue damage. Utilizing the Integrate-and-Fire neuron model, FWIRE can record action potentials in a noisy environment, offering significant advantages for studying neurological disorders like epilepsy, spinal injuries, and movement disabilities.

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Innovative Low-Power FWIRE System for Brain Study Using Integrate-and-Fire Neuron Modeling

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  1. Low Power Embedded FWIRE System Using Integrate-and-Fire By Nicholas Wulf

  2. What Is FWIRE? • Stands for Florida Wireless Implantable Recording Electrodes • Currently being developed by the Computational NeuroEngineering Lab (CNEL) here at UF • Implanted under the skin • Invasive enough to analyze individual neurons • Wireless & small so it’s better than other invasive methods

  3. Why Study the Brain? • Enables neurotechnologies for curing neurological disorders • Movement disabilities • Epilepsy • Spinal cord injury • Stroke

  4. Invasive Vs. Noninvasive • Noninvasive • No surgery (easy implementation) • Provides broad view of signal activity (unable to isolate individual neurons) • Invasive • Gives high resolution image of neurons and their signals • Requires surgery • Usually results in cranial obtrusion • May become infected • Animals may pick at it • May limit movement and thus behavior

  5. FWIRE Goals • No tether or external devices strapped to the body • 16 channels at 7-bit, 20kHz (effective) sampling • 140 Kbits/s for single channel • Need a method for transmitting < 500 Kbits/s • < 2 mW of total power dissipation to record, amplify, encode, and transmit wirelessly • Helps with battery life • Prevents tissue damage • 72-96 hours of battery powered behavior experiments • Area constraint of < 1cm2

  6. FWIRE System • Modular Electrodes • Tx/Rx capabilities • Rechargeable Li battery with inductive charging • Low power signal amplifier • Filters out 1-2V DC offsets • Passes 50uV signals as low as 7Hz

  7. Encoding equation 6 t0 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 Integrate-and-Fire (IF)Neuron Model Encoding • Recorded neural action potentials • The brain is a noisy environment • Uses as little power as possible • Solution: Encode signal in spikes! • Let’s steal what nature does well and apply it to our own purposes time

  8. IF Example (Biphasic Pulse Representation)

  9. Why use IF • Advantages • Pulses are noise robust and efficiently transmitted at low bandwidth • Front-end is extremely simple • No conventional ADC required • Reduces power, bandwidth, and size • Disadvantages • Back-end requires sophisticated reconstruction algorithm

  10. Schematic of Biphasic Encoder

  11. Sub-Nyquist Compression Original Signal at 25 KHz Recovered Signal w/ 17.8 Kpulses/s Recovered Signal w/ 9.2 Kpulses/s Recovered Signal w/ 6.1 Kpulses/s

  12. Conclusion • Integrate-and-Fire is a great technique for transmitting a signal when the front-end demands low power & simplicity while the back-end is relatively unconstrained

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