Presentation Transcript

1. Through Imperialism America would have a new frontier

   Imperialism

2. Expansionism Spanish American War Acquisition of overseas colonies Latin American Foreign Policy Panama Canal
3. 4 Factors for Expansion Need for raw materials/new markets Strategic Reasons Nationalism Attitudes toward other people groups
4. 1. New Markets US needed a place for farmers to sell surplus goods Overseas ports & foreign trade would create more consumers for products New markets were a major economic argument for expansion
5. 2. Strategic Reasons Alfred T. Mahan – Writes book “Influence of Sea Power” to encourage building a navy to keep up with other nations **U.S. will need naval bases. U.S. became 3rd largest navy in world Called “Great White Fleet” because ships were painted white.
6. 3. Nationalism --a devotion to the interests and culture to one’s nation US wanted to be a world power European powers had colonies is Africa, Asia, and the Pacific US should create it’s own colonies before nothing is left
7. 4. Attitudes toward other people groups Some Americans argued that the United States had a responsibility to spread Christianity and “civilization” to the world’s “inferior peoples” “The White Man’s Burden” Rudyard Kipling
8. “The White Man’s Burden” Rudyard Kipling Take up the White Man’s burden— Send forth the best ye breed— Go send your sons to exile To serve your captives' need To wait in heavy harness On fluttered folk and wild— Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half devil and half child Take up the White Man’s burden In patience to abide To veil the threat of terror And check the show of pride; By open speech and simple An hundred times made plain To seek another’s profit And work another’s gain Take up the White Man’s burden— And reap his old reward: The blame of those ye better The hate of those ye guard— The cry of hosts ye humour (Ah slowly) to the light: "Why brought ye us from bondage, “Our loved Egyptian night?” Take up the White Man’s burden- Have done with childish days- The lightly proffered laurel, The easy, ungrudged praise. Comes now, to search your manhood Through all the thankless years, Cold-edged with dear-bought wisdom, The judgment of your peers!
9. Reasons AGAINST Imperialism Potential colonies are against democracy Against the high costs of military buildup and infrastructure construction Some feared the continued immigration of differing races in the US
10. America in the Pacific Hawaii Provided a refueling station for American ships US settlers built sugar/pineapple plantations US overthrows last monarch Queen Lilioukalani Annexed Hawaii after Spanish/American War Sanford B. Dole—1st governor of Hawaii
11. Other Pacific Islands Guam- 1898 Samoa-1899 Midway- 1867 All naval bases & refueling stations are for American ships en route to or from Asia
12. America & East Asia US imperialists saw the Philippines as a gateway into the rest of Asia particularly China China presented American investors with new opportunities for large-scale railroad construction Access to China would give the United States access to millions of consumers
13. Boxer Rebellion Secret societies in China pledged to rid the country of “foreign devils” most well known were the Boxers [named that by the Westerners because they practiced Martial Arts] Troops from Britain, France, Germany, and Japan joined US soldiers and marched on the Chinese capital Within 2 months the Boxer Rebellion was suppressed
14. Open Door Policy A series of policy statements called the Open Door notes were issued to imperialist national leaders Proposed that the nations share their trading rights with the US thus creating an open door. And that no single nation would have a monopoly on trade with any part of China It reflected three deeply held American beliefs growth of the US economy depended on exports US had the right to intervene abroad to keep foreign markets open feared that the closing of an area to American products, citizens, or ideas threatened U.S. survival
15. China & Japan Commodore Perry opened Japan to western trade & influence 1905-Roosevelt mediated a settlement in a war between Russia& Japan Roosevelt feared that the war between the 2 powerhouses would end up closing off trade to China for the rest of the world, including the U.S. His successful efforts in negotiating the Treaty or Portsmouth won Roosevelt a Nobel Prize
16. American in the Caribbean Puerto Rico US possesion after Spanish American war Cuba US protectorate because of Platt Amendment
17. Platt Amendment stated that: Cuba could not permit a foreign power to control any party of its territory The US reserved the right to intervene in Cuba The US could buy or lease land on the island for naval station and refueling stations The US army would not withdraw until Cuba adopted the Platt Amendment
18. Panama Canal US wanted a canal cutting across Central America to help facilitate US warships between Atlantic and Pacific ports During the war—16,000 miles around tip of South America US chose Panama because it has an isthmus that is the narrowest point in Central America
19. Panama was under the control of Colombia and they wouldn’t sell Panama to the U.S. revolt took place where the rebels were backed by a dozen U.S. warships Many of Roosevelt's opponents opposed U.S. involvement in the Panamanian revolt After the Panamanians revolted against Columbia, the US signed a treaty with Panama and gave the US control of a 10 mile wide strip of rainforest—known as the Canal Zone
20. the Panama Canal ranks as one of the world’s greatest engineering feats Construction took 10 years and covered 51 miles with a cost of $400 million 1914-- the canal opened for business and more than 1,000 merchant ships passed through during its 1st year.
21. Challenges of Construction Different elevations—locks Yellow fever Drs. Reed and Gorgas will prevent the spread with spraying of swamps and draining
22. Foreign Policy Roosevelt and the Roosevelt Corollary Roosevelt warned that disorder in Latin America might force the united states to exercise a Police Power threatened to use the US Navy to maintain stability in neighboring countries Known as the Big Stick policy since he boasted he would: “Walk softly, but carry a big stick.”
23. Taft Dollar Diplomacy Taft used loans given to foreign countries to protect the US investments in Latin America Taft arranged for US bankers to loan Nicaragua enough money to pay its debts By doing so, US bankers gained control of Nicaragua’s state-owned railroad system and national bank To prop up Nicaraguan President Diaz’z government, some 2000 marines were sent to Nicaragua
24. Wilson Watchful Waiting Send troops into Haiti, Nicaragua and other Latin American Countries Sent troops after Mexican revolutionary Pancho Villa after he murdered Americans in New Mexico John J. Pershing led the hunt