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A very summarised History of the Republic of Cameroon:

A very summarised History of the Republic of Cameroon:. by Chiatoh Valerie Muguoh. History of Cameroon: Pre and Post independence.

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A very summarised History of the Republic of Cameroon:

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  1. A very summarised History of the Republic of Cameroon: by Chiatoh Valerie Muguoh..

  2. History of Cameroon: Pre and Post independence. • We will look at Cameroon in three epochs, first we look at the Territory part of which is known today as Cameroon up to the first world war i.e. the period before 1919; and then we look at it from 1919-1961 i.e. under UN Mandate and UN Trusteeship. We will lastly see Cameroon as it is today after independence i.e. from (1961-1972) - (1982- to present) • Cameroon is a country in sub Saharan Africa in the west Central African region. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, the Republic of Gabon and the Republic of Congo to the South.

  3. The territory part of which is known today as Cameroon i.e. Period before 1919 • 1472- Portuguese sailors reached Cameroon’s coast. They noticed the abundance of or prawns in the River Wouri, so they named the Region River of Prawns, (Rio dos Cameroes, in Portuguese). 1520- Portuguese set up sugar plantations and begin slave trade in Cameroon. • 1600s - Dutch take over slave trade from Portuguese. • 1884- Cameroon becomes the German protectorate of Kamerun. (German spelling of Cameroon). some hold with plausible arguments that Cameroon has never been colonised. • 1911 - Under the Treaty of Fez - signed to settle the Franco-German conflict over Morocco, the Agadir Crisis - France cedes territories to the east and south to Cameroon (known as "Neukamerun").

  4. Cameroon and the First world war • 1916 - British and French troops force Germans to leave Cameroon. Neukamerun is separated from Cameroon again. • 1919 - London Declaration divides Cameroon into French (80%) and British administrative zones (20%). The British zone is divided into Northern and Southern Cameroons.

  5. The period between 1919 and 1961 i.e. Under UN Mandate and UN Trusteeship • 1922 - League of Nations confers mandates on Britain and France for their respective administrative zones. • 1946 - British and French mandates renewed as UN trusteeship and the question of independence became a pressing issue in both territories. • In French Cameroon there were Champions like Ruben Um Nyobe, and his pears. In British Cameroon, the issue was more complex, for , the question was whether to reunify with French Cameroun or join Nigeria, with champions like John NguFoncha and his peers, championing the course for independence by reuniting with French Cameroun.

  6. Precursors of Cameroonian Independence Ruben Um Nyobe Dr. John Ngu Foncha

  7. Independence Ahmadou Ahidjo, First President of Cameroon • 1958 - French Cameroon granted self-government with Ahmadou Ahidjo as prime minister. • 1960 - French Cameroon granted independence and becomes the Republic of Cameroon with Ahidjo as president.

  8. Reunification Flag of the Federal Republic of Cameroon. • 1961 - Following a UN-sponsored referendum, the (British) Southern Cameroons gains independence by joining the Republic of Cameroon and the territory becomes the Federal Republic of Cameroon, • British Northern Cameroons gains independence by joining the Federal republic of Nigeria.

  9. Reunification monument

  10. The period between 1961-1982 Present Flag of the United Republic of Cameroon after 20th May 1972 • In this Period, Cameroon is already determined and its territory and people well defined. This period is important because everything had to be determined by Cameroonians themselves, since they had full sovereignty. Thus decisions were made during this period, the most important of which, is why we are here today. • 20th may 1972 - Cameroon becomes a unitary state following a constitutional referendum and is renamed the United Republic of Cameroon. It is this date that is celebrated as Cameroon’s national day.

  11. Paul Biya, Second and current President of the Republic of Cameroon. 1982 - Prime Minister Paul Biya succeeds President Ahidjo, who resigns citing health reasons.

  12. From 1982- present During this period, Cameroon has witnessed various changes, especially, economically, politically and constitutionally. 1984- Cameroon again becomes Republic of Cameroon. This was in a bid to solidify the Unity of the Country. 1985- In a conference held in Bamenda, The Cameroon People’s Democratic Movement is formed. This replaces the Cameroon National Union, as the only party in the country. At this time, the one party system subsisted in Cameroon. 1980s- An Economic crisis hits Cameroon, with adverse effects on the population and national economy. To get out of this, the currency is devalued.

  13. 1986 - Discharge of poisonous gases from Lake Nyos kills about 1,700 people. This lake is in the Northwest Region of the country. 1990- The political landscape in Cameroon completely changes, as the multi-party system is introduced through a series of laws. It is no more the one party system. 1996- The Constitution of the Republic of Cameroon is revised with considerations given to the political and administrative diversity of the country. With all the above, we can not properly understand what Cameroon is without substantial considerations, i.e. Cameroon as a country with a people.

  14. Cameroon and its People. • Alongside this historical diversity, the country is economically, politically, socially and especially culturally diversified. Cameroon is actually known as Africa in miniature. Cameroon has more than 250 ethnic groups, each with its own culture and language. The country is "Africa in miniature" because of its geological and cultural diversity. All the different peoples and cultures of Africa are represented in Cameroon. A single touristic trip to Cameroon is equal to visiting all African countries.

  15. The Official Languages of the Country are English and French, • It has a population of about 23,000,000 people. • The country has a surface area of 475,442 km2 • The flag of the country is Green Red and Yellow.(with a yellow start or the red) • The National Anthem, is “ O Cameroon, Cradle of our Forefathers” “O Cameroun, Berceau de nos Ancetres” also known as “chant de ralliement” Flag Code of Arms

  16. People in Cameroon. Grass field traditional wear Bamoun King’s Palace Baka/Pigmy Dancers

  17. A girl showing the exquisite Kaba Ngondo from the Littoral Bamileke Traditional Dancers Fulani/Bororo dancers from the North

  18. Cameroon wild life The Waza park

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