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Individuals and Families: Diverse Perspectives Unit 2 – Chapter 4

Life-Course Theories in Emerging Adulthood. Individuals and Families: Diverse Perspectives Unit 2 – Chapter 4. Life-Course Theories. Examples of Life-Course Theories . Erik Erikson’s Eight Stages of Life . Klaus Riegel’s Dimensions of Development. Jane Loevinger’s Theory of Ego Development.

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Individuals and Families: Diverse Perspectives Unit 2 – Chapter 4

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  1. Life-Course Theories in Emerging Adulthood Individuals and Families: Diverse Perspectives Unit 2 – Chapter 4

  2. Life-Course Theories

  3. Examples of Life-Course Theories Erik Erikson’s Eight Stages of Life Klaus Riegel’s Dimensions of Development Jane Loevinger’s Theory of Ego Development The Family Life-Cycle Framework Leonard Pearlin’s Theory of Psychological Distress Daniel Levinson’s Theory of the Seasons of Life Jeffrey Arnett’s Theory of Emerging Adulthood

  4. Erikson’s Eight Stages of Life

  5. Identity vs. Role Confusion

  6. Intimacy vs. Isolation

  7. Klaus Riegel’s Dimensions of Development Four interrelated internal and external dimensions of development:

  8. Klaus Riegel’s Dimensions of Development • Development occurs when a change • in one dimension requires an • adjustment in one or more of the • other dimensions • Riegel’s theory integrates the • physical and psychological • dimensions with the external social • and environmental dimensions

  9. Jane Loevinger’s Theory of Ego Development

  10. Three stages of Loevinger’s Theory of Ego Development are relevant to the adolescent and young adult: • Conformist stage: view life in simple • stereotypical ways • Self-aware stage: begin to understand • and accept individual differences • Conscientious stage: able to • appreciate others as individuals

  11. Jane Loevinger’s Theory of Ego Development • Loevinger believes individuals • require a clear sense of themselves • before they can develop intimate • relationships with others • Progress from one stage to the next • is determined by an individual’s • psychological clock, not by • chronological age or the social • environment

  12. The Family Life-Cycle Framework

  13. Three tasks of the young adult: • Forming an identity separate • from family of origin • Making a commitment to career • or workplace role • Developing intimate • relationships with peers outside • of family

  14. Leonard Pearlin’s Theory of Psychological Distress

  15. The path one takes is determined by four elements: • Individual characteristics • Range of skills an individual has for coping with stress • Availability of social support • networks • Nature and timing of stress that • requires a response

  16. Similarities in Life-Course Theories

  17. Daniel Levinson’s Theory of the Seasons of Life

  18. Early Life Structure for Early Adulthood From age 22 to 28, individual enters the adult world—time for building one’s life structure:

  19. The Dream

  20. Age-30 Transition

  21. Jeffrey Arnett’s Theory of Emerging Adulthood

  22. Instability Individuals are semi-autonomous

  23. Identity Exploration • Young adults focus their • exploration in three areas: • Love • Work • Worldviews • Seems that there is more time • for exploration and the • opportunity for experimentation • now than in the past

  24. Consider the following:

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