1. Please do the following….. • Collect your stamp calendar from the back counter.

2. TODAY’S AGENDA: • finish organelle(15) • activity(10) • organelle ailment(25) 17 September M • Organelle Ailment • Today’ objectives: • Identify the different jobs that organelle have within the cell ESLRs Addressed: 1. Achieve Academic proficiency 2. Communicate Effectively 3. Demonstrate Civility

3. Overview of important organelle processes: Using Energy All cells need energy…but it must be in a form the cell can use. Mitochondria - combines glucose (food) & oxygen to make cell energy called ATP - makes carbon dioxide & water as waste

4. Overview of important organelle processes: making food Plants cells can make their own food because they contain Chloroplasts -Contains molecule chlorophyll that… …converts carbon dioxide & water from air to glucose and oxygen using energy from the sun. … makes plant look green

5. Cells make proteins Most living things are built out of proteins Proteins are also important in cell to cell communication in the body (hormones, nerve signals etc.) The plans for making your proteins are stored in your DNA In most eukaryotes the DNA is divided up into little rods called chromosomes

6. The organelles involved in proteins making are Nucleus • Contains rods of DNA called chromosomes • DNA is the “plan’s for protein • Site where DNA plan converted to RNA

7. The organelles involved in proteins making are Ribosome – organelle where proteins are first assembled – RNA brings the message here Rough ER - Once proteins are made they are modified in this structure (rough ER = covered w/ ribosomes) Golgi Apparatus – proteins leave the ER and come to this structure for further modification & packaging into “vesicles”

8. Cells make proteins All organisms make proteins via the same molecular pathway DNA- RNA protein This pathway is known as the central dogma of biology because all living things make proteins this way Organelles involved… (nucleus)  (Ribosome)  (ER)  (Golgi)

9. Mitochondria: Ribosomes: Nucleus: Golgi Apparatus: Rough ER: Smooth ER : . Centrosomes: Nucleolus: Lysosome: Cytoplasm: Peroxisomes : Chromosome: Cell membrane

10. Smooth ER : . Centrosomes: Nucleolus: Lysosome: Cytoplasm: Peroxisomes : Chromosome:

11. Organelle Ailment cartoons • Instructions

12. Cell organelle function: Movement & support • Cytoskeleton – network of proteins like microtubuoles– that helps give the cell its shape, assists in movement & cell reproduction • Centrioles (& centrosomes) – makes microtubuoles; may have a role in cell division; also make up flagella & cilia 2. CELL WALL; (plants/bacteria/fungus) – a rigid layer that gives protection support & shape to the cell. Made of cellulose in plants & algae.

13. Cell organelle function: Movement & support 3. Vacuole – a fluid filled sac that is often used for storage; In plants the central vacuole is large; holds water and supports the cell & gives it shape. (may also have toxins, pigments etc) 4. Cell membrane – surrounds cell; helps hold its shape; regulates what comes in & out of cell ADD: Cytoplasm (all the liquid & organelles inside cell membrane); Cytosol – all the fluid inside cell; Helps cell hold its shape

14. Cell organelle function: Making Proteins • Nucleus: storehouse for DNA – the plans for making proteins • nucleolus – makes ribosomes • RIBOSOMES – tiny organelles that make proteins based on the information in the DNA; can be found stuck to the ER or free in the cytoplasm. • Rough Endoplasmic reticulum – rough because its covered w/ ribsomes; helps with the protein making process.

15. Cell organelle function: Making Proteins 4. Golgi apparatus: Processes, packages & delivers proteins 5. Vesicles – small membrane sacs that separate key materials from the rest of the cell.

16. Cell organelle function: Metabolism & other functions • Mitochondria: supply energy to the cell by converting the energy in the food you eat to a useable cell energy called ATP • Vacuole –membrane lined storage container • Lysosomes – membrane bound organelle that contains enzymes; defend cells from invading bacteria; breakdown used cell parts. • Chloroplasts – structure in plants that contains chlorophyll & performs photosynthesis (food making)

17. Cell organelle function: Growth • Centrosome: coordinate the building and breaking of microtubules in the cell. Plays a role in cell division