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Chemistry UNIT 2

Chemistry UNIT 2. Name: Date:. Chemistry Unit 2 Properties of Matter. Definitions. Physical properties can be observed without chemically changing matter. Chemical properties describe how a substance interacts with other substances. Physical properties Solubility Mass Malleability

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Chemistry UNIT 2

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  1. Chemistry UNIT 2

  2. Name:Date: Chemistry Unit 2 Properties of Matter

  3. Definitions • Physical properties can be observed without chemically changing matter. • Chemical properties describe how a substance interacts with other substances.

  4. Physical properties Solubility Mass Malleability Ductility Density Color Shape Texture Chemical properties Reacts with metals Rust Combustibility Flammability Acidity Examples of Properties

  5. Phases of Matter • Solids have a definite shape and definite volume. • Particles are packed close together

  6. Phases of Matter • Liquids have no shape and have a definite volume. • Particles have room to move.

  7. Phases of Matter • Gases have no shape and no volume. • Particles are far apart from each other.

  8. Types of Changes • Physical Change- no change in the identity of a substance. • Chemical Change- one or more new substances are produced

  9. Examples of Physical Changes • Freezing point- liquid to solid • Melting point- solid to liquid • Freezing point = melting point • Boiling point- liquid to gas • Condensation point- gas to liquid • Sublimation point- solid to gas

  10. Law of Conservation of Mass • Mass cannot be created nor destroyed.

  11. Types of Matter • Element • Pure substance • One kind of atom • Represented by 1 or 2 letter symbol • Example: Copper Cu • You must know the first 20 elements on the periodic table.

  12. Compound • One or more elements chemically combined • Represented by a chemical formula • Ex. Water H2O • Water can decompose into hydrogen and oxygen gas • Always combine in the same proportions

  13. Mixture • One or more substance physically combine • Do not combine in same proportions • Heterogeneous- not the same and not uniform • Homogeneous (solution)- same and uniform • Alloy- mixture of two or more metals • Pure substances are homogeneous

  14. Hydrogen peroxide Carbon dioxide Pizza Salad dressing Rust Apple juice Carbon Carbon monoxide Steel Calcium lead Practice

  15. Separating Mixtures • The components of a mixture may be separated based on the physical properties of the mixture.

  16. Properties • Magnetism • Density-(an instrument used to separate mixtures when tiny particles are dissolved is a centrifuge • Filtration- used to separate liquids and solids • Evaporation- used to separate solutions • Distillation- used to separate solutions

  17. Density • Density- mass per unit of volume • D=m/v • Unit is g/mL or g/cm3

  18. Practice • Suppose we have an object with a mass of 5 grams and a volume of 2 mL. What is the density?

  19. Density of Water • The density of water is 1 g/mL. • What happens to an object whose density is greater than one?

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