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Land

Land. Chapter 14, Section 3: Land Management & Conservation Standards: SEV1c, 5c, 5d. What types of land are used to provide resources?. Farmland Rangeland Forest land National & state parks Wilderness. Farmlands. Land used to grow crops & fruit.

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Land

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  1. Land Chapter 14, Section 3: Land Management & Conservation Standards: SEV1c, 5c, 5d

  2. What types of land are used to provide resources? Farmland Rangeland Forest land National & state parks Wilderness

  3. Farmlands • Land used to grow crops & fruit. • 100 hectares of prime farmland are found in U.S. • 1 hectare is a little less than 2 football fields. • This land is threatened by urban development. • Farmland Protection Program- helps state, county, & local governments protect farmland • What will happen if we lose farmland to development? • Less food • Food becomes more expensive

  4. Rangelands • Land used to support non-food crops • Ex: grasslands, shrublands, deserts • Land is used for grazing livestock & wildlife • Ex: cows, sheep, goats • Threats: • Overgrazing- allowing more animals to graze than the range can support. • Leads to desertification- land becomes more like a desert. • If fewer plants then no roots to hold soil- leads to erosion.

  5. Rangelands (continued) • Management: • Most rangeland is public land and is managed by federal government. • Government leases land to ranchers. • Land is fenced & herds must be rotated to prevent overgrazing and give plants a chance to recover. • Herd size may also be limited.

  6. Forest Lands • Harvesting Trees • Used for: • Paper • Lumber • Furniture • Fire wood as fuel source • Maple syrup • Turpentine • Ecosystem services provided by trees: • Remove CO2 from air. • Add O2 to the air • Temperature regulation

  7. Forest Lands • 3 types of forest lands: • Virgin forest- never been cut • Native forest- trees planted & managed • Tree farms- planted in rows & harvested like crops • 2 methods to harvest trees: • Clear cutting- remove all trees from an area of land • Causes erosion & loss of wildlife habitat • Selective cutting- cutting only middle-aged or mature trees. • More expensive but less destructive

  8. Forest Lands • Deforestation • Clearing trees without replacing them. • Reduces wildlife habitats • Causes soil erosion when tree roots removed from soil • Especially bad in rainforest where soil is thin and high level of rainfall washes soil away. • Positive feedback loop: • Farmers slash & burn forest. • Loss of tree roots and heavy rain causes soil erosion • Farmers slash & burn some more trees. • Cycle continues.

  9. Forest Lands • Reforestation • When farms abandoned, area of land will regenerate forests through secondary succession. • Some reforestation projects required when trees harvested from public land.

  10. Parks & Preserves • 1870’s first national park created- Yellowstone National Park. • 50 national parks across the US- most are out west • Public lands owned by the government can be leased to private companies and used for • Logging • Mining • Ranching • Government can also maintain these public lands as • Wildlife refuges • Hunting & fishing areas

  11. Wilderness Areas • Land is protected from ALL exploitations. • Cannot build roads, buildings, or use motorized equipment in these areas • Used for hiking, fishing, camping, non-motorized boating (canoe or kayak)

  12. Benefits of Parks/Preserves/Wilderness Areas Protecting ecosystems will preserve species & prevent extinctions Provide recreational areas for people to relieve stress Outdoor classrooms & research facilities where we can learn more about natural world

  13. Threats to Parks/Preserves/Wilderness Areas • When there are too many visitors at one time… • Leave litter behind • Cause traffic jams (air pollution) • Trample plant life • Climate change can alter the plant life & hibernation cycles of animals • Invasive species crowd out native wildlife/plants • Measures taken to protect these areas include: • Limiting # of visitors • Closing areas during animal mating seasons • Volunteer programs to help clean & maintain parks

  14. You should be able to… • Explain what reforestation is and why it is important. • List & explain two methods of managing rangelands sustainably. • Describe the function of parks & wilderness areas. • Describe the environmental effects of deforestation. • Explain the benefits of preserving farmland.

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