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An Affect-based approach for QoE evaluation in VoIP Systems

An Affect-based approach for QoE evaluation in VoIP Systems. Abhishek Bhattacharya, Zhenyu Yang & Deng Pan IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM) 2011 5 – 9 December , Houston, TX. Roadmap. Introduction Problem Current Solutions Affect-based Approach Experimental Setup

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An Affect-based approach for QoE evaluation in VoIP Systems

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  1. An Affect-based approach for QoE evaluation in VoIP Systems Abhishek Bhattacharya, Zhenyu Yang & Deng Pan IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM) 2011 5 – 9 December , Houston, TX

  2. Roadmap • Introduction • Problem • Current Solutions • Affect-based Approach • Experimental Setup • Results • Summary

  3. Introduction: VoIP • What is VoIP Quality? • Signal -- How good you hear? How good you are heard? • Network – Packets travelling through good paths? • Anything more?

  4. Introduction: QoE assessment • Why is Quality of Experience important? • better perceptual experience • seamless interactivity • high responsiveness • Why is Quality of Experience Assessment important? • monitoring • management

  5. Roadmap • Introduction • Problem • Current Solutions • Affect-based Approach • Experimental Setup • Results • Summary

  6. Problem: What is QoE? • User’s satisfaction about a multimedia service • How to estimate the QoE of VoIP implicitly and non-intrusively ?

  7. Roadmap • Introduction • Problem • Current Solutions • Affect-based Approach • Experimental Setup • Results • Summary

  8. Current Solutions: QoS-based • QoS-based : delay, loss-rate, jitter, etc. • Issues: Which QoS metric is most influential on QoE? • Data rate? Loss? Delay? Jitter? Combination of them? • Modeling from QoS to QoE cannot cover all cognitive • factors

  9. Current Solutions: User Feedback • User Feedback : Mean Opinion Score (MOS) • Issues: Intrusiveness, Scalability, High Cognitive resource • overhead !

  10. Current Solutions: Media Quality • Media Quality Analysis : Signal Distortion Models such as • SNR, Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ) • Issues: Double-ended techniques are not practical in most cases • Fails to consider various listening levels, side-tone/talk • echo, conversational delay/interaction

  11. Roadmap • Introduction • Problem • Current Solutions • Affect-based Approach • Experimental Setup • Results • Summary

  12. Affect-based Approach • Affective Computing deals with the analysis of human • emotional variables revealed during various human- • computer interaction • Affect has been shown to have strong association with user • experience regarding interest, satisfaction, motivation, • performance, and perception.

  13. Affect-based Approach: Hypothesis • We propose a new affect-based methodology of QoE evaluation in voice communication systems • Advantages: Implicit, Non-intrusive, and Low overhead • The user perception of voice communication quality is correlated to his/her affective response, which will vary across networking conditions.

  14. Affect-based Approach: Framework Acoustic Feature Extraction Acoustic Feature Selection Acoustic Classifier Lexical Feature Extraction Lexical Classifier  Audio Signal Automatic Speech Recognition QoE Prediction Discourse Feature Extraction Discourse Classifier

  15. Affect-based Approach: Acoustic • Extracted 22 acoustic features derived from turn-level statistical functional and transformations in fundamental frequency(F0), energy, duration, and formants. • Classified in 4 types: • Base: includes all 22 attributes • f10: 10 best attribute features using leave-one-out • f15: 15 best attribute features using leave-one-out • PCA: Principal Component Analysis

  16. Affect-based Approach: Lexical • Modeling salient or distinctive words (e.g., “can’t”, “damn”, “great”, “bad”) for various expressions by the notion of mutual information to establish the correlation between words and different QoE levels. Pardon me! I’m not able to hear you! Damn it! I couldn't get your words!

  17. Affect-based Approach: Discourse Hello !! Hello ! R u there ? R u there ? • Trouble in communication ? • Repetitions • 1-word to 5-word repetitions with increased weightage

  18. Roadmap • Introduction • Problem • Current Solutions • Affect-based Approach • Experimental Setup • Results • Summary

  19. Experimental Setup Linux bridge with Dummynet • Modeled the network dynamics using delay. Loss-rate, bandwidth • and divided into 5 classes i.e., C1, C2, C3, C4, C5. • We employed a trichotomous or 3-point scale decision of • perceptual quality levels: “Good", “Average", and “Bad"

  20. Roadmap • Introduction • Problem • Current Solutions • Affect-based Approach • Experimental Setup • Results • Summary

  21. Results

  22. Results

  23. Roadmap • Introduction • Problem • Current Solutions • Affect-based Approach • Experimental Setup • Results • Summary

  24. Summary • Our work represents an important step towards QoE of future • generation of communication systems (media rich, immersive) • Studying influence of other affective cues (i.e., laughter, sigh) • and discourse features (i.e., rephrase, reject, ask-over) • Applying Internet traces to simulate more realistic scenarios

  25. Thank You........ Questions ??? to abhat002@cis.fiu.edu

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