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Week Four: Organizational Culture

Week Four: Organizational Culture. Objectives for Week Four. Memos of Understanding Describe Organizational Culture and its Elements Consider the Purpose of Culture How Do Managers Use and Create Culture?. Memorandum of Understanding. Challenges of defining project

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Week Four: Organizational Culture

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  1. Week Four:Organizational Culture

  2. Objectives for Week Four • Memos of Understanding • Describe Organizational Culture and its Elements • Consider the Purpose of Culture • How Do Managers Use and Create Culture?

  3. Memorandum of Understanding • Challenges of defining project • Unanticipated issues or concerns • Setting expectations • Building effective client-group relations • Timeline and deadlines

  4. Definition of Culture “A pattern of shared basic beliefs and assumptions taught to new members as a guide to perceiving, thinking, and behaving.” -Schein

  5. Levels of Organizational Culture • Artifacts • Values • Underlying Beliefs/Assumptions

  6. Startup.com: Observing the Formation of Organizational Culture

  7. Steps Organizations Take When Responding to Environmental Uncertainty • Positions & Departments • Boundary-Spanning • Planning & Forecasting • Political Activity • Interorganizational Linkages

  8. Comparing Models of Adaptation • Population ecology, Resource dependency, Institutional isomorphism • How do each of these models define success and effectiveness? • What is missing from each model’s notion of success and effectiveness?

  9. Startup.com Questions • What does the leadership do to create culture? • What kind of culture do they create? • Artifacts? Values? Assumptions? • How might the initial splintering of the founders affect culture?

  10. Startup.com Questions • What does the interaction with the EZGOV manager reflect about GovWorks culture? • How does GovWorks respond to the EZGOV launch? • What does GovWorks response to the EZGOV launch reflect about its culture? • How does GovWorks handle the crisis of its weakness in the market?

  11. Startup.com Questions • Evaluate Kaleil’s management style. • What words would you use to describe Kaleil’s relationship to the company? • How much of the “mistakes” we identify are a problem of inexperience? • How much of GovWorks cultural, leadership, and structural characteristics were a product of its surrounding environment? • How will the recent changes in the environment identified by Brooks affect organizational culture?

  12. Key Points Regarding Organizational Culture • Culture = powerful determinant of organizational behavior and performance • Socially constructed • Evolutionary • Same event can have different meanings for different individuals/organizations

  13. Functions of Culture • Defines boundary • Gives sense of identity • Generates commitment • Enhances stability • Sensemaking • Control mechanism • Dealing with external entities & actors

  14. Key Questions About Culture • What are the implications of an ineffective organizational culture? • How do you build a more effective organizational culture? • How do you fix cultural deficiencies? • Can you manage culture?

  15. Leadership and Culture • Managing v. Leading • Transactional leaders • Encourage performance along existing goals • Cultural maintenance • Transformational leaders • Pursue new and/or more ambitious goals • Cultural innovation • Risk-taking Culture

  16. Khademian on Culture, Leadership, and the Environment “Public managers as leaders can be influential in the development and change of culture, but they must look for, understand, and work with the environmental factors that influence and interact with the culture they seek to manage.” p. 36

  17. Khademian on Cultural Change “Culture evolves from efforts to conduct a public task with specific resources and skills in complex environments.” p. 43

  18. Khademian on Cultural Change • Tasks, resources, skills = commitments • Commitments = roots of culture • Change = trial and error • Monitor • Reward • Institutionalize

  19. Khademian on Cultural Change • How would Khademian instruct us to study the roots of culture at GovWorks?

  20. Khademian on Cultural Change • How would Khademian instruct us to study the roots of culture at GovWorks? • Primary tasks • Primary resources • Environment • How is work done – what are the commitments?

  21. Khademian on Cultural Change • How would Khademian instruct us to study the roots of culture at GovWorks? • Primary tasks • Primary resources • Environment • How is work done – what are the commitments? • Are we changing culture or work processes? Is there a difference?

  22. Linking Culture to Other Aspects of the Course • Management and leadership • Environment and responses to the environment • Inertial qualities of organizations • Problem-solving and innovation • Processes and technologies • Origins and life cycles of organizations

  23. Readings to Be Completed for Next Class Period • Rainey, Chapter 8 • Goold and Campbell - coursepack • Case: Ellen Schall And The Department of Juvenile Justice – coursepack • Short Paper Assignment # 1 due at beginning of class

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