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Infant feeding. Basic principles . Is the milk enough ?. You can tell if your baby is getting enough breast milk by : Checking his or her diapers – By day 4 or 5 after birth, babies should have at least 6 wet diapers a day .
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Infant feeding Basic principles
Is the milk enough ? You can tell if your baby is getting enough breast milk by: • Checking his or her diapers – By day 4 or 5 after birth, babies should have at least 6 wet diapers a day. • Checking his or her bowel movements – By day 4 after birth, babies should have 4 or more bowel movements a day. By day 5, their bowel movements should be yellow. • Having your doctor or nurse check to see if your baby is gaining weight
What are reasons that a baby might not gain enough weight? • Being born too early • Not getting enough food – For example, some babies have trouble sucking at the breast or bottle. Or parents might not feed their baby often enough. • Having a medical problem that affects the stomach, mouth, throat, or heart • Having things around that take attention away from eating
Weight gain • General guidelines regarding weight gain during infancy : • ●Newborns gain approximately 30 g/day (1 oz/day) until three months of age • ●Infants gain approximately 20 g/day (0.67 oz/day) between three and six months of age and approximately 10 g/day between 6 and 12 month • ●Infants double their birth weight by four months of age and triple their birth weight by one year
Breast or formula feeding ? • Human milk is recommended as the exclusive nutrient source for feeding term infants for the first six months of life and should be continued with the addition of solid foods after six months of age. • benefits of breast feeding over milk formulas are both for mothers & babies
What are the benefits for babies? • Gastrointestinal function ( Ex: hormons, enzymes, gastric emptying, immunoglobulins) • Antimicrobial components ( Ex: specific proteins, lipids, carbs, WBCs) • Prevention of illnesses while breast feeding ( Ex: Gastroenteritis, respiratory diseases, OM, Sepsis) • Cognitive development (visual, hearing functions, child behavior & stress reduction)
What are the benefits for women? • Have less bleeding from the uterus after giving birth • Have less stress • Lose more weight after pregnancy (if they breastfeed at least 6 months) • Have a lower chance of getting breast cancer • Don’t spend as much money to feed their baby • Don’t spend as much money on healthcare or miss as much work, because their babies get sick less often.
I'm breastfeeding but also want to start giving my baby formula. Is this OK? • avoid giving your baby breast milk and formula (this is called supplementing) at least until your milk supply has had a chance to develop and both you and your baby are used to the concept of breastfeeding. • wait at least 1 month before offering pacifiers or artificial nipples of any kind to avoid nipple confusion. • Early supplementing also can lead to a reduction in your milk supply.
If I want to begin giving my breastfed baby formula how should I start? • If you're not producing the amount your baby needs, nurse first. Then, give any pumped milk you have and make up the difference with formula as needed.
Take home messages • Wet dippers , weight gain & bowel movements are good indicators of good feeding. • The more breast milk your baby gets the better! • Formulas should be added as a supplementation not as a primary feeding source.
References • WWW.UPTODATE.COM • WWW.AAFP.COM
