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Types of Waves Harmonic Waves Sound and Light Waves Superposition and Interference

Types of Waves Harmonic Waves Sound and Light Waves Superposition and Interference The Doppler Effect Resonance. Waves can be transverse For example: Light waves, water waves and waves on a string... Waves can be longitudinal For example: Some seismic waves and sound waves….

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Types of Waves Harmonic Waves Sound and Light Waves Superposition and Interference

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  1. Types of Waves Harmonic Waves Sound and Light Waves Superposition and Interference The Doppler Effect Resonance

  2. Waves can be transverse For example: Light waves, water waves and waves on a string... Waves can be longitudinal For example: Some seismic waves and sound waves… Please, be patient. It takes awhile for the animations to start.

  3. Waves in Time • Waves are like many springs oscillating in time. • They have a period (T), • a frequency (f) and • an amplitude (A). T t f = 1/T

  4. Waves in Space • Waves also oscillate in space. • They have a wavelength and • a speed.

  5. Sound is a longitudinal wave It travels through any gas, solid or liquid as a variation in pressure. It has a speed that depends on the material (medium) that it travels through. It has a wavelength and a frequency that determine the pitch. It has an amplitude that determines the volume.

  6. Light is a transverse wave • It travels through vacuum as a variation in electric and magnetic fields. • It has a speed that never changes. • c = 3 x 108 meters/second • It has a wavelength and a frequency that determine the color. • It has an amplitude that determines the intensity.

  7. Transverse waves oscillate perpendicular to the direction of propagation. Properties: wavelength amplitude speed propagation direction polarization This is necessary to get the proper timing!

  8. T t f = 1/T Each point on a transverse wave oscillates perpendicular to the direction of propagation. Properties: period frequency amplitude polarization

  9. y λ x v Longitudinal waves oscillate parallel to the direction of propagation. Properties: wavelength speed propagation direction

  10. t A T f = 1/T x Each point on a longitudinal wave oscillates parallel to the direction of propagation. Properties: period frequency amplitude

  11. y λ x v Sound is a longitudinal wave It travels through any gas, solid or liquid as a variation in pressure. It has a speed that depends on the material (medium) that it travels through. Properties: wavelength speed propagation direction period frequency amplitude Pitch Density (of medium) Location Pitch Pitch Volume

  12. x Definition of interference Constructive interference occurs when both waves have the same phase. Destructive interference occurs when both waves have opposite phase. y phase

  13. The frequency of sound changes depending on whether you move toward or away from the object emitting the sound v is the velocity of the observer with respect to the source. vs is the velocity of the sound. v is positive if the observer is moving toward the source and negative if the observer is moving away from the source. http://webphysics.ph.msstate.edu/jc/library/15-6/index.html

  14. For pipes the wavelength of a wave must fit within the length of the pipe. Other waves can only be made by force. Speed of sound in air is 343 meters/second = f xλ

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