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DIURETICS

DIURETICS. How do they work? WHAT DO THEY DO? When do I use them? How do I use them?. Ethacrynic Acid. Furosemide. Bumetanide. Torsemide. Na-K-2Cl SYMPORT INHIBITORS. Also Called: Loop Diuretics High Ceiling Diuretics. THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS. Treatment for Severe Edema.

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DIURETICS

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  1. DIURETICS How do they work? WHAT DO THEY DO? When do I use them? How do I use them?

  2. Ethacrynic Acid Furosemide Bumetanide Torsemide Na-K-2Cl SYMPORT INHIBITORS • Also Called: • Loop Diuretics • High Ceiling Diuretics

  3. THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS Treatment for Severe Edema Increase Na Excretion to 25% of Filtered Load Treatment for Oliguric ARF Increase Urine Volume Treatment for Hypercalcemia Increase Ca Excretion Treatment for Hyponatremia Impair Free Water Reabsorption Treatment for Pulmonary Edema Increase Venous Capacitance

  4. ADVERSE EFFECTS Profound ECFV Depletion Hypocalcemia Hypokalemia Ototoxicity Metabolic Alkalosis Hyperuricemia Hypomagnesemia Hyperglycemia

  5. OTHER EFFECTS Block TGF Release PGs Increase Renin Release Increase & Redistribute RBF

  6. Na-Cl SYMPORT INHIBITORS • Also Called: • Thiazide Diuretics • Thiazide-Like Diuretics Hydrochlorothiazide Chlorthalidone Metolazone Chlorothiazide

  7. THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS Increase Na Excretion to 5% of Filtered Load Treatment for Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Treatment for Hypertension Treatment for Mild Edema Treatment for Calcium Nephrolithiasis Decrease Ca Excretion

  8. ADVERSE EFFECTS Hypercalcemia ECFV Depletion Hypokalemia Hyponatremia Hyperuricemia Metabolic Alkalosis Hypomagnesemia Hyperglycemia Impotence Increased LDL

  9. Na CHANNELINHIBITORS • Also Called: • K-Sparing Diuretics Triamterene Amiloride

  10. THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS Used in Combination with Loop & Thiazide Diuretics Enhance Natriuresis Caused by Other Diuretics Prevent Hypokalemia Block Na Channels Treatment for Lithium-Induced Diabetes Insipidus Treatment for Liddle’s Syndrome

  11. ADVERSE EFFECTS Triamterene Amiloride Hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia Renal Stones Interstitial Nephritis Megaloblastosis

  12. MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS • Also Called: • K-Sparing Diuretics • Aldosterone Antagonists Spironolactone Eplerenone

  13. THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS Used in Combination with Loop & Thiazide Diuretics Enhances Natriuresis Caused by Other Diuretics Prevents Hypokalemia Blocks Aldosterone Treatment for Primary Hyper-aldosteronism Treatment for Heart Failure Treatment for Edema of Liver Cirrhosis Treatment for Hypertension

  14. ADVERSE EFFECTS Gastritis Hyperkalemia Peptic Ulcers Metabolic Acidosis Impotence Deepening of Voice CNS Side Effects Hirsutism Gynecomastia Menstrual Irregularities

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