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核子结构的“新”图像

核子结构的“新”图像. 陈相松 四川大学 华中科技大学. 提要. 核子结构研究的目标 终极目标与阶段性目标 核子结构图像的 “ 演化 ” ： 原始图像、 “ 标准 ” 图像、 “ 新 ” 图像 [1]Phys.Rev.Lett.100:032002(2008) [2]Phys.Rev.Lett.103:062001(2009) 季向东的 Comment 与我们的 Reply [1] 评 :arXiv:0810.4913 答 :arXiv:0812.4336 [2] 评 :arXiv:0910.5022 答 :arXiv:0911.0248.

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核子结构的“新”图像

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  1. 核子结构的“新”图像 陈相松 四川大学 华中科技大学

  2. 提要 • 核子结构研究的目标 终极目标与阶段性目标 • 核子结构图像的“演化”： 原始图像、“标准”图像、“新”图像 [1]Phys.Rev.Lett.100:032002(2008) [2]Phys.Rev.Lett.103:062001(2009) • 季向东的Comment与我们的Reply [1]评:arXiv:0810.4913 答:arXiv:0812.4336 [2]评:arXiv:0910.5022 答:arXiv:0911.0248

  3. 核子结构研究的目标 • 终极目标：对核子的完备描写 完备：预言核子参与所有反应的结果 硬过程：Parton Distribution Functions • 阶段性目标：核子质量、动量、自旋、磁矩的夸克-胶子起源

  4. 核子结构图像的“演化” • 原始图像：组分夸克模型：质子=(uud) • “标准”图像：质子=~50%夸克+~50%饺子 理论：Politzer, Phys.Rep. 14:129 (1974) Gross & Wilczek, PRD9:980 (1974) Georgi & Politzer, PRD9:416 (1974) 实验：Sloan, Smadja & Voss, Phys.Rep. 162:46(1988) 动量分配 自旋分配 理论：X. Ji et al., PRL76:740 (1996) 实验：EMC: 夸克自旋 (最新数据：20-30%) COMPASS, PHENIX: 胶子自旋 (~0)

  5. “标准”乎？不相匹配的动量与角动量

  6. “强行匹配”的规范不变障碍

  7. 新方法：规范场的物理分解

  8. 物理分量与纯规范分量的应用 Physical quantity = f(Aphys, Dpure,…)

  9. Example:Consistent separation of nucleon momentum and spin van Enk and Nienhuis, J. Mod. Opt. 41:963 (1994) Chen, Lü, Sun, Wang, & T. Goldman, PRL 100:232002 (2008)

  10. Gauge-invariant polarized gluon PDF and gauge-invariant gluon spin

  11. Gauge invariant Chern-Simons Current Contribution to OPE and g1 sum rule?

  12. Relation between Chern-Simons Current and the spin of a gauge particle

  13. The conventional gauge-invariant “quark” PDF The gauge link (Wilson line) restores gauge invariance, but also brings quark-gluon interaction,as also seen in the moment relation:

  14. The novel “proper” quark PDF With a second moment:

  15. The conventional gluon PDF Relates to the Poynting vector:

  16. The novel gluon PDF Relates to the gauge-invariant canonical gluon momentum

  17. To measure the novel quantities • The same experiments as to measure the conventional PDFs • New factorization formulae and extraction of the new PDFs • Quark and gluon orbital angular momentum can in principle be measured through generalized (off-forward) PDFs

  18. Example of theoretical calculation:Quark/gluon momentum in the nucleon Gluons carry about half of the nucleon momentum in the asymptotic limit

  19. 核子动量分配的“新”图像 “Do gluons carry half of the nucleon momentum?” X.S. Chen, W.M. Sun, X.F. Lü, F. Wang, and T. GoldmanPhys. Rev. Lett., 103, 062001 (2009)

  20. 核子自璇分配的“新”图像？ Is nucleon spin structure inconsistent with constituent quark model?Di Qing, Xiang-Song Chen, Fan Wang, (Nanjing U.) . Phys.Rev.D58:114032,1998. [hep-ph/9802425] 受何汉新老师启发

  21. 季向东的Comment与我们的Reply Phys.Rev.Lett.100:032002(2008) Ji’s Comment: arXiv:0810.4913 Our Reply: arXiv:0812.4336 Phys.Rev.Lett.103:062001(2009) Ji’s Comment: arXiv:0910.5022 Our Reply: arXiv:0911.0248

  22. From Ji’s Comment: arXiv:0810.4913

  23. From Ji’s Comment: arXiv:0810.4913

  24. From Ji’s Comment: arXiv:0810.4913

  25. From Ji’s Comment: arXiv:0910.5022

  26. From Ji’s Comment: arXiv:0910.5022

  27. From Ji’s Comment: arXiv:0910.5022

  28. From Ji’s Comment: arXiv:0910.5022

  29. Our Reply: arXiv:0812.4336

  30. Angular Momentum Commutators

  31. Kinematic “Momentum” and Kinematic “Angular Momentum”

  32. Our Reply: arXiv:0812.4336

  33. Our Reply: arXiv:0812.4336

  34. Our Reply: arXiv:0911.0248

  35. Our Reply: arXiv:0911.0248

  36. Our Reply: arXiv:0911.0248

  37. Our Reply: arXiv:0911.0248

  38. Our Reply: arXiv:0911.0248

  39. Our Reply: arXiv:0911.0248

  40. Our Reply: arXiv:0911.0248

  41. Our Reply: arXiv:0911.0248

  42. Thank you! 谢谢!

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