1. Shaping Eastern Europe Section 9-3 pp. 294-297

2. Geography Shapes Eastern Europe Baltic Sea Russian Empire Holy Roman Empire Black Sea Balkan Peninsula Byzantine Empire Ottoman Empire

3. Migrations Contribute to Diversity • Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe and Balkans • West Slavs migrated to Poland, Czech Republic, and Slovak Republic • South Slavs migrated to the Balkan Peninsula • Magyars migrated to Hungary • Other groups that migrated to Eastern Europe included Huns, Vikings, and Jews

4. Migrations Contribute to Diversity • Religious Diversity • Byzantine Christianity in Balkans • Roman Catholicism in Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic, and west Balkans • Islam in the Balkans • Judaism in Poland • Found tolerance there • Economic and cultural contributions

5. Three Early Kingdoms Develop • Poland Enjoys Greatness • Queen Jadwiga married Duke WladyslawJagiello of Lithuania to form a strong nation • Political power shifts from monarch to nobles • Vote of a single noble in the diet could veto a law • Lack of a strong central government led to decline • King Jan Sobieski broke Ottoman siege of Vienna

6. Three Kingdoms Emerge • Magyars Rule Hungary • Magyars: Warriors from Central Asia • Adopted Roman Catholic Christianity • Golden Bull of 1222: King signed charter recognizing nobles’ rights • Weakened by Mongol invasion • Conquered by Ottoman Turks in 1526

7. Three Kingdoms Emerge • Serbs Establish a Balkan Kingdom • Serbs descended from South Slavs • Mostly practiced Orthodox Christianity • Ruler Stefan Dusan adopted Byzantine culture • Conquered by Ottoman Turks in 1389 Stefan Dusan