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Understanding Factors Affecting Solubility in Solutions and the Role of Enthalpy

This chapter explores the key factors influencing solubility, including the enthalpy of formation of a solution (ΔH1, ΔH2, ΔH3, ΔHsoln) and differentiates between polar and nonpolar solvents and solutes. It discusses how interactions between polar solvents and solutes result in various solubility outcomes, and compares this with the behavior of nonpolar compounds. The chapter also examines the impact of pressure and temperature on solubility, illustrating concepts with examples such as Vitamin C and A. Additionally, it covers Henry’s Law and addresses which solute is gaseous versus solid at given conditions.

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Understanding Factors Affecting Solubility in Solutions and the Role of Enthalpy

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  1. Factors on Solubility Chapter 11

  2. Enthalpy of formation of a Solution

  3. Differentiation of Solvent Properties ΔH1ΔH2ΔH3ΔHsoln outcome Polar solvent large large large small solution Polar solute (-) Polar solvent small large small large no solution Nonpolar solute (+) Nonpolar solvent small small small small solution Nonpolar solute Nonpolar solvent large small small large (+) no solution Polar solute

  4. Polar compounds

  5. Non polar Compounds

  6. Non polar hydrocarbons

  7. Vitamin C

  8. Vitamin A

  9. Solubility in water

  10. Pressure on Solubility

  11. Henry’s Law: C=kPgas

  12. Effect of temperature on Solutions

  13. Which solute is a gas and which is a solid?

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