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Comprehensive Comparison of Large-Scale Energy Storage Technologies

This presentation by Dr. Tom Konrad at Solar 2009 analyzes various energy storage technologies, focusing on their characteristics, technology options, and comparative analysis. Key considerations include capital costs per stored kWh, power capacity, round-trip efficiency, standby losses, response time, cycle life, and site-specific constraints. Technologies covered include pumped hydro, compressed air energy storage, flow batteries, conventional batteries, thermal energy storage, and ice storage. The insights provided can help stakeholders make informed decisions in energy storage system implementation and integration in renewable energy generation.

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Comprehensive Comparison of Large-Scale Energy Storage Technologies

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  1. Comparing Large Scale Storage Technologies Tom Konrad, Ph.D. www.AltEnergyStocks.com Presented at Solar 2009 Buffalo, NY May 15, 2009

  2. Outline • Characteristics of Energy Storage Technologies • Technology Options • Technology Comparisons • References

  3. Capital Cost Per stored kWh (Energy) Per kW capacity (Power) Round-trip efficiency Standby losses Response time Cycle life Site-specific Constraints Commercialization Energy Density Characteristics of Energy Storage

  4. Pumped Hydro (PHES)

  5. Compressed Air Energy Storage Image Credit: CAES Development Company

  6. Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES)

  7. Flow Batteries - VRB Diagram for VRB flow battery Credit: Wash University of St. Louis

  8. Flow Batteries – Hydrogen Electrolyzer/Fuel Cell Image Credit: North Coast Weekly Journal

  9. Flow Batteries (VRB, ZnBr, PSB, Hydrogen)

  10. Conventional Batteries (NaS, PbA, Li-Ion, NiMH)

  11. Thermal Energy Storage Molten salt storage. Image Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory Ice Storage: Image Source: Ice Energy

  12. Thermal Energy Storage (TES)

  13. Long Distance Transmission

  14. Demand-Response

  15. Smart Grid Image source: US Department of Energy

  16. Demand Response & Smart Grid

  17. kWh vs. Efficiency

  18. kW vs. Efficiency

  19. Energy vs. Power

  20. General References • EPRI-DOE Handbook of Energy Storage for Transmission and Distribution Applications, 12/2003 • EPRI-DOE Handbook Supplement of Energy Storage for Grid Connected Wind Generation Applications, 12/2004 • An investigation into the energy storage technologies available, for the integration of alternative generation techniques, David Connolly, U. of Limerick, 11/2007 • Solar Energy Grid Integration Systems –Energy Storage, Dan Ton, Sandia, 7/2008.

  21. Technology Specific References • Wind Integrated CAES in Colorado, B. Kelley + D. Kearney NREL 2004 • PHES Utilizing Current Infrastructure in Colorado, Levine+Barnes 2007 • Solar-Thermal based TES - Greg Glatzmaier, NREL, interview, 4/2009 • VRB Power, website • 800 kV HVDC – Alternative Scenarios for long distance bulk power transmission, Gunnar Asplund, ABB, 10/2008.

  22. Thank You • Tom Konrad, Ph.D • www.AltEnergyStocks.com • Tom@AltEnergyStocks.com

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