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Sound

Sound. Physics - Arrowhead Mr. Streufert 2013-14. Learning Targets. Apply wave concepts to the physical and perceived characteristics of a sound wave Perform calculations involving speed and intensity Detect audibility and harmonic relationships. Learning Targets.

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Sound

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  1. Sound Physics - Arrowhead Mr. Streufert 2013-14

  2. Learning Targets • Apply wave concepts to the physical and perceived characteristics of a sound wave • Perform calculations involving speed and intensity • Detect audibility and harmonic relationships

  3. Learning Targets • Relate waveform and FFT graphs to simple or complex sounds • Changes in Frequency • Identification of frequencies • Explain the multiple frequencies in a complex tone

  4. Learning Targets • Describe and explain sound phenomena • Resonance • Patterns of interference creating change in frequency • Doppler Effect

  5. Learning Targets • Calculate, predict and relate changes in the sound characteristics that affect sound phenomena • Calculate wavelengths and frequencies of sounds produced by different instruments (strings, tubes, etc.) • Use interference patterns (standing wave analysis) • Calculate the sound wave changes based on the motion of the source and/or the observer

  6. Learning Targets

  7. Audibility • Audibility: The ability for sound to be heard • Sound Test Demonstration

  8. Audibility • Speed • Frequency • Wavelength

  9. Audibility • Infrasonic: Sounds below 20 Hz • Ultrasonic: Sounds above 20,000 Hz

  10. Audibility – Range of Hearing

  11. Intensity • Intensity: The amount of power per unit area • Need to know: • Power of the source of sound • Distance away from source • Sound Waves travel outward from the source in a sphere

  12. Intensity • Relative Intensity: The intensity of sound in relation to the threshold of hearing • Measured in decibels • Based on a Logarithmic Scale • Measurements span a very large range of values

  13. Practice Question #1 • If a sound seems to be getting louder, which of the following is probably increasing? • Intensity • Frequency • Speed of Sound • Wavelength

  14. Practice Question #2 • Using the table on the Audibility Handout, estimate the decibel level of the following sounds: • A cheering crowd at a football game • Background noise in a church • The pages of a book being turned • Light traffic on the road

  15. Practice Question #3 • A stereo speaker emits sound waves with a power output of 10 W. • What is the intensity (W/m2) of the sound 10 m away? • What is the relative intensity (decibel level)?

  16. Practice Question #4 • What is the power of a sound source if the intensity at 2.8 m is 5.4 x 10-3 W/m2?

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