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This document discusses the advantages and challenges of using software steerable antennas to enhance mesh networks. High-gain antennas improve network performance, allowing for precise control of network topology and reduced interference. However, limitations such as FCC regulations, cost increments, and technical challenges with phased arrays pose significant hurdles. The current focus is on developing prototypes that leverage coplanar waveguide technology and optimize antenna design for indoor placement. Simulation results indicate promising capabilities of steerable antennas for advanced networking solutions.
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Commodity software steerable antennas for mesh networks Jim Kajiya MSR
Why software steerable antennas? • High gain antenna significantly improves mesh networks. • Narrow beam antennas are key to network topology control for minimizing interference. • High gain, low sidelobe design enables indoor placement • Software antenna control integrates routing and propagation. • Much nearer term than smart antennas/MIMO.
Challenges for steerable antennas in mesh networks • Exacerbates hidden terminal problem • FCC regulations for unlicensed bands limit ERP • Aimed at access point abuse, current regulations preclude neighborhood mesh • Cost increment over omni • High gain antenna is currently very expensive
First Prototype • 8x8 dipole array • Designing feed network was the hard part
Phased array Antenna • Induce time delays • Phase shifters are currently expensive d 2d 3d
Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) Phase shifter Dielectric
CPW Phase shifter uses elementary transmission line physics • Delay is given by • Impedance is given by • As distance varies relative permittivity changes
Simulation Results Phase shifter design is best done with dielectric penetrating the air gap in a coplanar waveguide.
Simulation Results, cont’d • High dielectric constant material not necessary: alumina with =10 is fine. • Variable characteristic impedance does not materially affect antenna pattern or VSWR.
Next Design • Coplanar Waveguide phase shifters compatible with corporate feed. • Form factor for indoor wall mounting