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This chapter introduces the Dative Case in German, focusing on its role with indirect objects, personal pronouns, and common verbs. Learn how to identify and use the Dative Case with a variety of exercises. Key points include the formation of Dative singular and plural nouns, specific Dative verbs, and the position of Dative objects in sentences. Additionally, discover essential Dative prepositions and how to construct sentences with them. Comprehensive practice exercises are included for mastery of the topic.
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Kapitel 5: Einkfaufen Grammatik
The Dative Case • So far we have learned two cases: • Nominative – Subject • Accusative – Direct Object • The Dative Case is used for indirect objects. • The indirect object receives the direct object. • The girl sends her mother an email. • Das Mädchen schickt ihrer Mutter eine Email. • The Dative Case also answers the question wem (whom? to / for whom?)
Übungen • Seite 159 – 1, 3
Note: • Nouns in the Dative singular do not normally take an ending, except for the special masculine nouns that take an –n or –en: • der Kunde – den Kunden – dem Kunden • der Student – den Studenten – dem Studenten • In the Dative plural, all nouns add –n to the plural endings. Exception: those nouns whose plural ends in –s do not add –n. • die Männer – den Männern • das Autos – den Autos
Indirect Objects • Some verbs are verbs that that can take two objects. • This list is not complete. Know these six! • empfehlen (empfiehlt) – to recommend • geben (gibt) – to give • glauben – to believe • leihen – to lend, borrow • schenken – to give as a gift • zeigen – to show • Ich glaube dem Mann. • Gib mir das Geld!
Position of Dative Objects • Normal German sentence order: • Sub – Verb – Indirect Obj – Direct Obj. • Rolf schreibtseiner Schwestereinen Brief. • Normal German question order: • Verb – Sub – Indirect Obj – Direct Obj. • Schreibt Rolf seiner Schwerstereinen Brief? • If a personal pronoun is used, the pronoun always comes first!: • Rolf schreibtihreinen Brief. • Rolf schreibtihnseiner Schwester. • If two pronoun are used, the ACC one comes first!: • Rolf schreibtihnihr.
Übungen • Seite 161 – 4 und 5 • Seite 162 – 6
Dative Verbs • A number of common German verbs always take an object in the Dative Case! • Here are six common ones. This is not a complete list! • danken – to thank • gefallen – to please / to like • gehören – to belong to • helfen (hilfst, hilft) – to help • passen – to fit • stehen – to look good on
Dative Verbs cont. • Ich danke dir für die Karte. • Wie gefällt Ihnen dieses Hemd? • Der Mercedes gehört meinem Bruder. • Der Verkäufer hilft dem Kunden. • Größe 48 passt mir bestimmt. • Das Kleid steht dir gut.
Übungen • Seite 163 – 7 • Seite 164 – 8
Dative Prepositions • Just like the Accusative, there are Dative Prepositions. • Noun following a Dative Preposition takes the Dative Case! • Memorize these!
Dative Prep. Notes: • nach Hause and zu Hause are set expressions. nach Hause is used to say someone is going home, while zu Hause means someone is at home. • The following contractions can be made: • bei + dem = beim • von + dem = vom • zu + dem = zum • zu + der = zur
Übungen • Seite 165 – 9, 10 • Seite 166 – 11
Wo, Wohin, Woher • The interrogative pronouns wo and wohin both mean where. • Wo ist used to ask where someone or something is located. • Wo ist das Buch? – Es ist zu Hause. • Wohin is asked about the direction in which someone or something is moving. • Wohin gehst du? – Ich gehe nach Hause. • Woher is used to ask where someone or something comes from. • Woher kommen die Orangen? – Sie kommen aus Florida.
Übungen • Seite 167 – 13
Sprache im Kontext • Look at the ,,Lesen‘‘ section on Seite 168. • Read ,,In Hutladen‘‘ on Seite 169. • Answer the questions in ,,Zum Text‘‘ on Seite 170.
