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YEAR 10 REVISION

Explore fundamental concepts of genetics through true or false statements and examples involving cell division, chromosome pairs, and gene interactions. Learn about the significance of sex chromosomes in males (XY) and females (XX), and how traits like flower color in pea plants (dominant purple vs. recessive white) are inherited. Predict the outcomes of genetic crosses using Punnett squares, such as between hybrid and pure-bred dogs, and understand the implications of genotypes and phenotypes. Delve into DNA structure, alleles, and the role of chromosomes in heredity.

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YEAR 10 REVISION

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  1. YEAR 10 REVISION GENETICS

  2. 1. Write true or false for each response: • All body cells divide by a process of cell division called meiosis. FALSE • Sex cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes FALSE • Your check cells have 46 chromosomes in the nucleus TRUE

  3. How do male and female chromosomes differ? • MALE = XY • FEMALE =XX

  4. In pea plants, purple(P) is dominant over white(p) flowers. Which genes would be present in these cases? • Pure-bred white pp • Hybrid purple Pp • Pure-bred purple PP

  5. Use a punnet square to predict the effect of a cross between a hybrid short-haired dog(Ss) and a long haired dog(ss). Short hair in dogs is dominant and long hair is recessive. Show all the genotypes and phenotypes possible.

  6. GENOTYPE: 50%Ss: 50%ss • PHENOTYPE: 50%short:50%lonh

  7. True or false • Proteins carry the genetic code FALSE • DNA is a large molecule shaped like a double helix TRUE • The genetic code is a sequence of organic bases in sets of three. TRUE

  8. Write the complementary base sequence for this part of a DNA molecule. ACGATGAATTGC TGCTACTTAACG

  9. If 2 forms of a gene are resperesented by A and a , then the genotype AA could be described as: • A. heterozygous • B. homozygous recessive • C. Hybrid • D. Homozygous dominant

  10. Chromosomes are normally found: • A. in the genes of an organisms • B. In the nucleus of a cell • C. Only in skin cells • D. Only in the sex cells of an organism

  11. The alternative forms of genes are called • A. mutants • B. alleles • C. aliens • D. copies

  12. The chance that: • A. A sperm will contain a Y chromosome is 100% • B. An egg will contain a Y chromosome is 50% • C. A sperm will contain an X chromosome is 0% • D. An egg will contain an X chromsome is 100%

  13. TRUEOR FALSE? • All human cells contain an X and Y chromosome FALSE • The sex of a child is determined by the father’s sex cells TRUE • Chromosomes are made of deoxyribonucleic acid TRUE • In order for a person to be left handed (recessive) both parents must be left handed FALSE • Identical twins have different genotypes FALSE

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