1 / 10

Understanding Acids, Bases, and the Impact of Acid Rain on the Environment

This guide explores the fundamentals of acids and bases, including their properties, reactions, and the role of the pH scale in measuring acidity and basicity. It emphasizes the effects of acid rain, formed from gases like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides reacting with water, leading to highly acidic conditions. With real-world examples, the document discusses how acid rain affects ecosystems, lakes, and structures like limestone and marble. Learn to identify acids and bases, see pH changes, and understand the environmental implications of acid rain.

olathe
Télécharger la présentation

Understanding Acids, Bases, and the Impact of Acid Rain on the Environment

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Acids/Bases/ & Acid Rain

  2. How to Recognize Acids & Bases • ACIDSBASES • H+hydrogen ions OH- hydroxide ions w/ a metal* • Ex. HCl, H2SO4, HNO3 Ex. NaOH, LiOH, Ca(OH)2, • other ex.’s= citrus fruits *visual exception NH3(aq) other ex= household cleaners • Acids taste sour Bases taste bitter • Litmus test ends REDLitmus test ends Blue

  3. How to measure STRENGTH of Acids and Bases • pH scale: power of H+ ions 0 up to 7=Acidic 7= Neutral >7 to 14= Basic Strong Acids are near 0, Strong Bases near 14

  4. Neutralization • Acids react with Bases in a neutralization reaction to form water HOH (and a salt) • Ex. HCl + NaOH HOH + NaCl • Pure water is neutral; equal concentrations of the H+ and OH- ions • As OH- are added to H’s, HOH or water forms and the pH of the solution “heads UP towards 7” • Ex. Start at pH=4 (acidic; more H’s than OH’s). Add OH-, water forms and final pH can be 6 • As H’s are added to OH’s, HOH or water forms and the pH “heads towards DOWN towards 7”

  5. Acid Rain Background • CO2 + H2O  H2CO3 carbon dioxide gas reacts with water to form WEAK carbonic acid. Although slightly acidic, this is considered NORMAL rainwater • SO2 + H20  H2SO4 sulfur dioxide gas reacts with water to form sulfuric acid. This is highly acidic and = ACID rain. Rainwater with a pH less than 5.5 is considered Acid Rain. This gas enters the atmosphere mainly from coal power plants and industrial smokestacks • NOx + H2O  HNO3 nitrous oxides react with water to form nitric acid. This is highly acidic and= ACID rain. These gases enter the atmosphere mainly from vehicle emissions

  6. Acid Rain

  7. Acid Rain’s Effect

  8. Acid Rain and Lakes

  9. Acid Rain and Forests

  10. Acid Rain’s Effect on Stone • Limestone and Marble w/CaCO3 is very susceptible to acid rain • Sandstone, granite, and other materials without CaCO3 : Not affected by acid rain • The lettering on this marble Stone has been weathered by acid rain

More Related