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The Concept of Development

The Concept of Development. Geographic Space and Development. Space As A Framework. Geographic Space provides framework for field of human action: distance and place distinction matter Location is critical- location of objects and perception of objects and their location influence behavior

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The Concept of Development

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  1. The Concept of Development Geographic Space and Development

  2. Space As A Framework • Geographic Space provides framework for field of human action: distance and place distinction matter • Location is critical- location of objects and perception of objects and their location influence behavior • Spatial Structure- ordered relations between individual spatial forms and the whole of which they are a part

  3. Puerto Rico Administrative RegionsSystem of Regions with Regional and National CapitalElements: Farms, Villages, Cities , Networks

  4. Spatial Organization Elements • If we use the idea of change and transformation of spatial structures- what is involved? • 1. Spatial Competition- competing land uses in an evolving urban area or two transport networks competing for traffic • 2. Spatial Integration- coordination of spatial activities to achieve harmony –networks • 3. Spatial Diffusion- how something spreads over geographic space; vital mechanism to keep momentum of development alive • a. involves innovations- acceptance of new goods and services by consumers and entrepreneurs

  5. Spatial Competition: The Silk Road and the Arab Sea Routes EUROPE Turpan Gobi Desert Rome Black Sea Samarkand Caspian Sea Dunhuang Kashgar Bukhara Taklimakan Desert Athens Constantinople Lanzhou Antioch Hamadan Merv Xi’an Hotan Bactra Rey Mediterranean Ocean Tyre PERSIA Baghdad Alexandria CHINA EGYPT Red Sea Barbaricon Muscat Calcutta Guangzhou Pacific Ocean Berenike ARABIA Sur Barygaza INDIA Kané Arabian Sea Muza South China Sea Bay of Bengal Aden Muziris Mogadishu Malacca SOMALIA Indian Ocean Atlantic Ocean Mombasa JAVA 500 Miles

  6. Spatial Integration: Roman Road Network, 200 AD Atlantic Ocean Black Sea Adriatic Sea Mediterranean Ocean Red Sea 500 km

  7. Model of Typical Spatial Development • S I- simple ports • S II- transport penetration • S III- growth of interior cities • S IV- merge of towns and high order transport

  8. Ideal Typical Sequence of Network Development A B C D E F

  9. Impacts of Integration Processes on Networks and Flows After Integration Before Integration International border Network Flows

  10. Economic Production and Specialization Region B Region A Self Reliance Regional Trade Trade and Transport Trade and Transport International Trade Product A Product B Product C Product D Gateway Product E

  11. Development As Spatial Reorganization • Need new set of spatial actions to achieve spatial goals • May involve new system of resource allocation which implies some efficiency • Certain spatial arrangements may be expected to create a better means to achieve national, regional and local goals

  12. Growth Poles Theory:Deliberate Urbanization Growth Pole Key Industry Linked Industry Secondary Growth Pole Secondary Industry Linked Industry

  13. Transport Corridors and the Regional Spatial Structure C B A Order Articulation Point Specialization and interdependency High Low High Low Distribution

  14. Growth Pole: Ciudad de Guayana • Why develop city here? • Pulls population into less developed area • Access to resources (iron ore, oil) • Transport- river provides access for outlet to Caribbean and beyond • Orinoco’s hydro-electricity potential powering industry is critical

  15. Special Political Zones: Federal Territory of Brasilia • Brazil – 180 mil but coastal concentrations dominate • Disperse population by creating inland capital territory • Political functions in separate area- others? • Create other services, create employment and residential compounds

  16. Super Multi-Media Corridor:Kuala Lumpur-Klang Corridor • Malaysia’s future development- draw foreign direct investment • Provide sites for high tech businesses in Shah Alam Estate • Broad band access with virtual university • Access to KL Intl Airport • Create employment and residential estates • Manufacture electronic goods for export

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