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ZOOLOGIE

ZOOLOGIE. CLS. X. NUTRITIA IN LUMEA VIE. NUTRITIA HETEROTROFA. Intalnita la organismele care utilizeaza direct substantele organice. Realizat prin: Osmoza (viermii paraziti) Fagocitoza (amiba, spongieri) Ingerarea alimentelor pe cale bucala. TIPURI DE NUTRITIE HETEROTROFA. Saprofita

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ZOOLOGIE

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  1. ZOOLOGIE CLS. X

  2. NUTRITIA IN LUMEA VIE

  3. NUTRITIA HETEROTROFA • Intalnita la organismele care utilizeaza direct substantele organice. • Realizat prin: • Osmoza (viermii paraziti) • Fagocitoza (amiba, spongieri) • Ingerarea alimentelor pe cale bucala

  4. TIPURI DE NUTRITIE HETEROTROFA • Saprofita • Parazita • Simbiotrofa • Mixotrofa

  5. 1. NUTRITIA SIMBIOTROFA Simbioza – asocierea dintre 2 organisme apartinand unor specii diferite in folosul ambelor ex: micorizele- asociere dintre o ciuperca si radacinile unei plante superioare lichenii- asociere dintre o alga verde/albastra si o ciuperca

  6. Tipuri de simbioze: • Parazitismul (+ -) ex: tenia, limbricul, viermele de galbeaza, gandacul de Colorado, etc. • Parazitii = organisme care traiesc pe seama altor organisme vii (plante, animale) care servesc drept gazde, consuma substante din corpul gazdei afectand capacitatea acesteia de nutritie, dezvoltare, procese metabolice, etc.

  7. FASCIOLA HEPATICA(viermele de galbeaza)

  8. TENIA SAGINATA(tenia)

  9. ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES(limbricul)

  10. Comensalismul (+ +)- asociere in care indivizii implicati au avantaje reciproce, unul profitand de pe urma celuilalt fara ai aduce prejudicii • Ex. Remora-remora

  11. Mutualismul- relatie obligatorie si pozitiva intre 2 organisme, din care amindoua profita (au avantaj reciproc). • Ex. crabul sanitar, crocodilul de Nil

  12. 2. NUTRITIA SAPROFITA • Organisme care se hranesc cu substante organice vegetale si animale intrate in descompunere (frunze moarte, trunchiuri de copaci, cadavre de animale) • Ex. bacterii fermentative si de putrefactie, ciuperci inferioare (Saccharomices cerevisiae) si superioare.

  13. 3. NUTRITIA MIXOTROFA • Euglena verde, plantele carnivore autotrofe i-au un supliment de substante din corpul unor insecte • Euglena verde- la lumina se hraneste autotrof, prin fotosinteza - la intuneric se hraneste heterotrof (pradator)

  14. DIONAEA sp.

  15. DROSERA ROTUNDIFOLIA(roua cerului)

  16. NEPHENTES sp.(capcana lui Venus)

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