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Understanding Spatial Memory: Navigating Environments and Individual Differences

Chapter 6 delves into the distinctions between spatial and verbal memory, emphasizing their low correlation. It explores navigation strategies, differentiating between route-based navigation in familiar environments and map-based navigation in less familiar areas. The chapter discusses individual differences in memory abilities, encouraging self-reflection on navigation preferences and abilities. It also highlights factors leading to memory failures, such as absentmindedness and context effects, while providing strategies for object location, including action replay and mental walking.

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Understanding Spatial Memory: Navigating Environments and Individual Differences

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  1. Memory in the Real World Chapter 6

  2. Spatial memory separate from verbal memory • Supported by: low correlation between abilities; neurological evidence

  3. Navigating • route vs. map based • route: tend to use in familiar environment • egocentric view; recognize landmarks • can become highly automated

  4. Navigating • map: more likely in less familiar environments • landmarks coded by Euclidian relationships (independent of your location)

  5. Assignment • Draw RU campus (main campus); get overall shape and include & name as many buildings as possible • Draw area map; show where Radford, Fairlawn, Christiansburg, Blacksburg, and Roanoke are • Write directions for going from this room to campus library; to a store downtown; to NRV mall

  6. Individual Differences • Some are good at route memory; others are not • Rate your own ability on 10 pt. scale (1=terrible; 10=excellent) • Do you tend to use routes more than maps or vice versa? Why? • On what do you base your belief in your own sense of direction ability?

  7. Memory for object locations • Failures due to: • Absentmindedness • Updating errors • Detection failures • Context effects

  8. Strategies to locate object • Action replay • Mental walk • Reality monitoring • Physical search

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