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BioQUEST Evolution Modules

BioQUEST Evolution Modules Frank Price Scholar in Residence, Hamilton College fprice@hamilton.edu (315) 853–5233 in collaboration with other members of the BioQUEST Curriculum Consortium BioQUEST: Bio logy Q uality U ndergraduate E ducational S imulations & T ools

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BioQUEST Evolution Modules

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  1. BioQUEST Evolution Modules Frank Price Scholar in Residence, Hamilton College fprice@hamilton.edu (315) 853–5233 in collaboration with other members of the BioQUEST Curriculum Consortium

  2. BioQUEST: Biology Quality Undergraduate Educational Simulations & Tools • Consortium of ≈150 active members & ≈5,000 fellow-travelers • Dedicated to Biology Curriculum Reform

  3. BioQUEST Philosophy • 3 Peas: • Problem Posing • Problem Solving • Peer Persuasion • Students need to do what professionals do: • Ask their own questions. • Find appropriate data. • Analyze data with appropriate professional tools. • Answer their questions. • Persuade peers of the value of their answers. • They need opportunities to work in the context of the discipline

  4. BioQUEST Philosophy • Inquiry–oriented approach • Goals, assumptions, models, history become explicit • Promote interpretation of data • Effect-to-cause reasoning • Encourages multivariate approaches • Encourage collaboration • Advantages of collaborative learning • Multiple modes of learning, • Multiple skills • De-emphasize “content” relative to skills • Emphasize Information Technology as a tool • Supplement, not replace, actual lab/field work

  5. Active Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Science Foundation*, Division of Undergraduate Education Partnership for Advanced Computing Infrastructure Previous : Annenberg/CPB Foundation for Microbiology Beloit College University of Chicago Center for Biology Education, UW - Madison Apple Computer Pew Midstates Science & Mathematics Consortium BioQUEST Funding * 24 Funded NSF grants cite BioQUEST Library resources

  6. Background & Pedagogy Behavior Biomathematics Botany Cell Biology Development Ecology Evolution General Biology Genetics Microbiology Molecular Biology Molecular Visualization Mycology Zoology Physiology Statistics Tools Zoology BioQUEST Modules: Disciplines

  7. The Problems With Evolution Educaton: • Evolution is widely misunderstood – We don’t teach it well • Lack of Labs – Time and space – Variety of data & methods – Pedagogical models • Lack of Data

  8. Key Pedagogical Points:Goals for Students • Understanding of products of evolutionary biology (state of the art) • Theory • History • Learn assumptions that frame thinking • Practice methods

  9. Key Pedagogical Points: Evolutionary Biology • Goals of Evolutionary Inquiry • Theory: models of processes/phenomena • History: phylogenies as historical hypotheses • Shared assumptions, e.g.: • Species as gene pool w/ genetic variation • New variation continuous, random • Evolution: statistical change of population • Historical contingency • Methodologies & Tools • Various

  10. BIRDDDataLibrary (Mac, Win) EVOLVESimulation: microevolution (Mac) Biology Student WorkbenchAnalytical tool (Mac, Win) MacClade 2.1Analytical tool (Mac) Phylogenetic InvestigatorInstructional tool (Mac) BeeVisitSimulation: pollination (Win) BGuILE: Galapagos FinchesSimulation: ecology, selection (Mac) BGuILE: TB LabSimulation : antibiotic selection (Mac) Bumpus Numeric Dataset (Mac, Win) Caminicules Visual dataset (Mac, Win) Dendrograminaceae Visual dataset (Mac, Win) BioQUEST Modules: Evolution

  11. On–Line Info: • BioQUEST Curriculum Consortium:http://bioquest.org/ • BioQUEST Liberary purchase:http://www.apnet.com/bioquest/(Academic Press)

  12. Our Solution: BIRDD • Digital library of raw data: – Realistic – Accessible – Exportable • Open–ended • Instructional Support: – Getting Started – Classroom Examples – Teaching Evolutionary Biology

  13. Opportunities • For students • Senior Projects • Database development (possible summer stipend) • Student teaching • For faculty • Material for labs • Evolution, Ecology, Intro. Biol., animal morphology, Statistics, etc. • Opportunities for student projects • In courses • Database development • “Publish” your data

  14. BIRDD Has Been Tested At: • Beloit College (small, liberal arts): • Zoology: non–major’s intro. (Paul Whittaker) • Biological Issues, Making Sense of Evolutionary Explanations: non–major’s (Sam Donovan) • Evolution: major’s (John Jungck) • U. WI, Madison • Introductory Zoology: major’s intro., > 800 students/semester (Jean Heitz)

  15. Jean Heitz’ Approach to Using BIRDD: Grant Proposals ( Used in Introductory Zoology, UWI, Madison) • Week 1: • Acquaint students w/ BIRDD, Galapagos, finches • Find some preliminary questions • Week 2: • Present ideas to whole lab for critique • Revise, develop preliminary answers • More thorough analysis of data, • Week 3: • Present 2nd proposal draft to whole lab for critique • Write final propsal • Week 4: Turn in proposal

  16. Availability: • BioQUEST Library CD–ROMindiv: $99* ISBN: 0-12-099470-4 Site: $650 U/C* • Macintosh: $350 HS – System 7, System 7.1+ suggested, 4 MB available RAM • Windows: Windows 3.1+, Windows 95 + suggested, 8 MB available RAM. • Both: 180 MB of free hard disk space, color monitor with 800 x 600+ resolution, QuickTime® 3+ to play panorama & sound files.

  17. Data Resources:Islands • Area • Max. Elevation • Age • Vegetation zones • Topographic map • Breeding status of each finch species Number of species of: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • Ferns • Flowering plants • Land birds • Darwin’s finches Archipelago maps & displays of island information.

  18. Data Resources:Darwin’s Finch Species Information • Pictures • Plumage descriptions • Foraging method • Foraging habitat • Breeding habitat • Breeding status on islands Diagrams of ------------------------------------------------- • Lateral view of skull, musculature • Ventral views of skull, musculature • Hard palate • Beak cross–section Display of a species’ information.

  19. Data Resources:Molecular Sequences Display of a GenBank sequence. Sequence Name No. Sequences --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------- • 16S Ribosomal RNA gene (partial) 16 • Mitochondrial Control Region (short) 12 • Microsatellite Repeat Region 16 • Cytochrome b protein 33 • Cytochrome b gene (partial) 40 • Mitochondrial Control Region (partial) 56 • Major Histocompatibility C Class II gene 40

  20. Data Resources:Specimen Morphology Help screen showing measurements. Snodgrass Lack & Heller Sulloway Swarth ----------------------- ------------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ----------------------------- No. specimens 6,758 549 51 75 Island, sex, orig. & modern taxon name  Plumage   Beak height  Beak width  Upper beak length  

  21. Data Resources:Specimen Morphology(cont.) Display of measurements. Snodgrass Lack & Heller Sulloway Swarth ----------------------- ------------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ----------------------------- Nostril–upper beak l.   Lower beak length   Body length  Tail length  Wing length Tarsus length  Middle toe & claw l. 

  22. Data Resources:Vocalizations Help screen describing graphic display of a vocalization 13 vocalizations --------------------------------------------------------------------- • Playable sounds • Sonograms • Waveform diagrams • Species descriptions Display of a vocalization (upper left), with expanded views of its components.

  23. Data Resources:Weather Monthly weather data were exported to a statistics program to produce these graphs of rainfall over time and rainfall per month. El Nino events are readily visible.. • Island, station location • Elevation Monthly Averages (11 stations) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • Precipitation • Temperature • Maximum temperature • Minimum temperature • Sea temperature • Hours of sunlight Monthly Data (one station, 1950–1989) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • Year • Month • Total precipitation

  24. Data Resources:Bibliography • 320 References, searchable by • Author • Title • Citation • Type of reference (8 types)

  25. Data Resources:Pictures & Panoramas Image of an organism. • 12 Habitat panoramas (all major habitat types) • 16 Organisms/scenes Panorama of a habitat. Help screen describing panorama displays and their controls.

  26. Data Resources:Tourist Visits (1979–1997) • Year • Month • Number of tourists

  27. Archipelago Map

  28. BIRDD’s Main Table of Contents This is one of BIRDD’s help screen and describes the main table of contents.

  29. Sample Help Screen

  30. Example of Exported Data Opened with a Statistics Program

  31. Example of Exported Data Scatterplot Matrix: All Species, All Islands

  32. Scatterplots: Lack Species

  33. Geospiza: Sample Densities

  34. Example of Exported Data G. difficilis: Density Contour Plot for each Island Darwin, Wolf Santiago, St. Cruz Pinta, Genoveas

  35. Example of Exported Data G. difficilis: Density Contour Plot for Samples All Islands

  36. Example of Exported Data G. fuliginosa: Morphology Measures by Number of Species per Island

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