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Defining our terms - day 1

ToK August 2014. Defining our terms - day 1. What about a definition of KNOWLEDGE as ‘Justified, True Belief?’. The key t erm. True but unjustified, not true but justified? Belief? Different levels of validity? Stronger/weaker forms of knowledge?. Types of knowledge. Shared Knowledge

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Defining our terms - day 1

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  1. ToK August 2014 Defining our terms - day 1

  2. What about a definition of KNOWLEDGE as‘Justified, True Belief?’ The key term True but unjustified, not true but justified? Belief?Different levels of validity? Stronger/weaker forms of knowledge?

  3. Types of knowledge • Shared Knowledge • Structure and systematic • A product of more than one individual • Generally bound into distinct areas of knowledge • Can be checked, amended or increased • Personal Knowledge • Through personal experience • Through practice • Through schooling and research Do they overlap?Where does cultural knowledge fit?

  4. How do we justify our knowledge? • I know that 1 + 1 = 2. • I know that it is wicked to murder a person. • I know that I have a fear of spiders. • I know that a lake is more beautiful than a sewage works. • I know that my teacher is here today. • I know that I love my mother. • I know that I shouldn’t open a suspicious looking package. • I know that what the doctor said is true.

  5. 12 monkeys – knowledge claims As you view the clip, take notes in relation to the validity of each claim. When finished, reflect and then place the 5 points in order of what you believe to be the TRUTH. Be ready to defend and discuss your choices. • 1. The main character has schizophrenia. • 2. The main character is afraid of bears. • 3. The main character is from the future. • 4. The main character has a history of violent behavior. • 5. The main character is named James. • 6. The main character is a good observer and has a tough mind.

  6. TOK’s ‘Ways of Knowing’ • Language • Sense Perception • Emotion • Reason • Imagination • Faith • Intuition • Memory

  7. How do you know? • Identify 3 things you know. For each, consider and discuss: • What type of knowledge is it? • What WoKs helped you acquire this knowldge? • Is it Justified, True Belief?

  8. 3 types of questions • Questions that have one correct answer • Questions that have many possible answers but which require justification and reasoned judgments • Questions that have no correct answer but depend totally on the person answering the question.

  9. Which category? • How many planets are there in the solar system? • How many oceans are there in the world? • Is it possible to know something but be unable to say what it is that you know? • Will science eventually tell us how the Universe started? • Was Hitler a good leader? • Are you happy? • What is the color of the classroom walls? • Is one plus one always two?

  10. Next time … • Types of knowledge claims – are they all created equal? • Knowledge questions – what are they, where do I get some? • Areas of Knowledge – like Area 51?

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