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Explore the characteristics of 2D shapes such as triangles, circles, and rectangles found in the classroom. Discover the different types of polygons like pentagons, hexagons, and decagons, and their properties. Learn about 3D shapes including pyramids and prisms, including how to calculate their surface area and volume using formulas. This guide provides practical examples and easy-to-follow rules for identifying and working with shapes in everyday environments.
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Spark Plug • Write 3 examples of a triangle you see in the room. • Write 3 examples of a circle you see in the classroom. • Write 3 examples of a rectangle you see in the classroom.
Names of 2D Figures 3 Triangle 10 decagon 4 Rectangle 11 hendecagon 5 Pentagon 12 dodecagon 6 Hexagon 7 Heptagon 8 Octagon 9 Nonagon
3-D Shapes Pyramids • Only has one base • Named by it’s base ( put “al” on end if it ends with “gon and “ar “ if it ends with “angle”) • Comes to a point • Triangles for sides Prisms • Named by the two identical bases ( put “al” on end if it ends with “gon and “ar “ if it ends with “angle”) • Rectangles for sides • Has a flat top and bottom
Area Formula review: • Rectangle: A= l x w • Triangle: A= ½ bh • You can find the surface area of any 2 or 3 dimensional figure by “decomposing” it
Spark Plug: Find the surface area.
VOLUME: • Prisms: V= Bh (big B means to find the area of the base) • V= l x w x h for rectangular prisms ONLY • Pyramids: V= 1/3Bh (big B means to find the area of the base)