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Understanding the Skeletal and Muscular Systems: Function, Joints, and Movements

Explore the intricate details of the human skeletal and muscular systems. This guide covers the skeleton's role in supporting and facilitating movement, the types of joints—including ball-and-socket and hinge joints—and the function of muscles and tendons in movement. Learn about the composition of bone, the structure and function of synovial joints, and how ligaments and synovial fluid contribute to joint health and mobility. This comprehensive overview is essential for understanding human anatomy and physiological movements.

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Understanding the Skeletal and Muscular Systems: Function, Joints, and Movements

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Body in Action (a) Movement SQA Questions

  2. What you should know -skeleton ramework upport uscle • The skeleton provides a f_______ for s_______ and m_______ attachment • The skeletonp_______ the h____, l______, b_____ and s_______ cord • Bone is composed of the componentsf______ (elastic) f______ and h____ m________ • Bone is formed by l_______ c____ rotects eart ungs rain pinal ibres lexible ard inerals iving ells

  3. What you should know - joints • A b____ and s_____ joint e.g. ________ allows m_______ in _ planes • A h_____ joint e.g. _____ allows movement in ___ plane hip / shoulder all ocket ovement 3 knee/elbow inge 1

  4. What you should know - muscles endons ones ontracts ocket • Muscles are attached to b_____ by t_____ • When a musclec______ it s_______ and p___ on a tendon attached to a bone at a j_____ • Tendons are i________ so that a__ the f_____of a musclec___________ is t__________ to the bone at a joint • At a joint there are always t___ muscles. One muscle b_____ the joint + second muscle needed to s_________ the joint. ulls oint nelastic ll orce ontraction ransferred wo ends traighten

  5. Synovial Jointp148 CREDIT • A synovial joint is a joint l_________ by s________ fluid • All b___ and socket and h_____ joints are synovial joints • The h__, s_______, e______ and k____ are all synovial joints ubricated ynovial all inge houlder ip lbow nee

  6. ligament synovial membrane synovial fluid cartilage

  7. Name 1 – 4 in this ball and socket joint ligament synovial membrane synovial membrane synovial fluid ligament cartilage

  8. Structure of a Synovial Joint p148 CREDIT support 1 holds the two bones together 2 secretes synovial fluid 3 cushions the joint and reduces friction 4 lubricates the joint by reducing friction 5

  9. synovial fluid 3 1 cartilage ligament 4 synovial membrane 5 head of femur ligament 2 femur

  10. Synovial joint functionsCREDIT 1 2 3 4 5

  11. Cushions the joint / end of bones/ acts like a shock absorber

  12. Range of movement is less in one plane/ two directions Flexible fibres / hard minerals

  13. brain heart lungs spinal cord

  14. movement support ligament Hard minerals

  15. skull brain Rib cage heart and lungs backbone spinal cord

  16. cartilage Synovial fluid Synovial membrane ligament B Lubricates joint / Reduces friction Synovial membrane cartilage D ligament

  17. C A D E B

  18. Reduces friction

  19. One muscle bends joint + second muscle needed to straighten joint Tendons are inelastic / do not stretch

  20. cartilage synovial fluid

  21. s tendon

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