1 / 29

The History of the Atom

The History of the Atom. From Democritus to Today’s Modern Theory. Democritus. 400 BC Proposed that all matter is made up of atoms. Thought atoms were small, hard particles of different shapes and sizes. Coined the term ‘Atom’ From the Greek word meaning ‘Can not be divided.’.

oriole
Télécharger la présentation

The History of the Atom

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. The History of the Atom From Democritus to Today’s Modern Theory

  2. Democritus • 400 BC • Proposed that all matter is made up of atoms. • Thought atoms were small, hard particles of different shapes and sizes. • Coined the term ‘Atom’ • From the Greek word meaning ‘Can not be divided.’

  3. An Apothecary in his Laboratory

  4. Alchemists • First ‘Chemists’ around 900 AD • First to include observation and experimentation with pure thought methods of science.

  5. Antoine Lavoisier

  6. Lavoisier • 1785 • Authored the Law of Conservation of Mass • Did experiments to prove that matter does not disappear during a chemical reaction. • ‘Matter can not be created or destroyed, it can only be rearranged.’

  7. John Dalton

  8. Dalton • Father of Modern Atomic Theory • 1800’s • All matter consists of atoms with space in between. • Atoms of the same kind of element are identical to each other. • There are as many different kinds of atoms as there are different elements. • Atoms are solid spheres. • ‘Billiard Ball Model’

  9. Billiard Ball Model

  10. J J Thomson

  11. Thomson • 1904 • Inferred that atoms contain small negatively charged particles. • He called them ‘electrons.’ • He thought the electrons were dispersed throughout a positively charged sphere. • ‘Chocolate Chip Cookie Dough Model’

  12. Cookie Dough Model

  13. Ernest Rutherford

  14. Rutherford • 1911 • Famous Gold Foil Experiment • Discovered and named the ‘nucleus’ of the atom. • Proposed that most of the mass and all of the positive charges of an atom are in its nucleus. • ‘Peach Pit Model’

  15. Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment

  16. Peach Pit Model

  17. Niels Bohr

  18. Bohr • 1913 • Concluded that electrons travel in fixed orbits around the nucleus based on the amount of energy they contain. • He called the ‘orbits’ Energy Levels. • ‘Solar System Model’

  19. Bohr Model

  20. Erwin Schrodinger and Werner Heisenberg

  21. Schrodinger and Heisenburg • 1926 • Scientists described the electron region of the atom as a cloud around the nucleus. • This cloud area shows that electrons do not orbit the nucleus in definite paths, but are likely to be in a given region at any particular time. • ‘Modern Electron Cloud Model’

  22. Modern Electron Cloud Model

  23. James Chadwick

  24. Chadwick • 1932 • Worked with E. Rutherford in the discovery of a third sub-atomic particle. • He concluded this particle to be free of electrical charge and he called it the ‘neutron.’ • Concluded it was located in the nucleus along with the protons.

  25. Chadwick’s Discovery of the Neutron

  26. Today’s Newest Members:

  27. Quarks and Leptons • Particles within particles. • Protons and Neutrons are made of Quarks: Up Down Strange Top Charm Bottom • Electrons are a small thin type of Lepton.

  28. And now you know the rest of the story!! The End.

More Related