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Internet in Myanmar

Internet in Myanmar. by Wit Hmone T. Latt & Myat Su Yin Internet Education and Research Laboratory CSIM Department AIT, Thailand. Overview. Total land area: 676,777 square km

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Internet in Myanmar

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  1. Internet in Myanmar by Wit Hmone T. Latt & Myat Su Yin Internet Education and Research Laboratory CSIM Department AIT, Thailand

  2. Overview • Total land area: 676,777 square km • Borders: China, Thailand & Lao PDR in the east Bangladesh and India in the west • Capital: Yangon (formerly Rangoon) • Population: 53 million • With Urban –Rural ratio of 20:80 • Myanmar Post and Telecommunications (MPT) • state-owned telecom operator

  3. Telecom Infrastructure • Teledensity : less than 1% • Fixed line telephone : 357,322 (Density 0.67%) • Mobile telephone : 63,150 (Density 0.12%) • Telephone exchange : 551 • Satellite earth station : 1 (standard A) • International trunks : 1649 • Submarine Cable : SEA-ME-WE 3 (2.5Gbps), mostly unutilized • Fiber optic backbone between 2 major cities Yangon and Mandalay • Other cities are in process for connection • Some remote areas are connected by V-Sat network using Thai Com satellite

  4. Internet Infrastructure • Number of ISPs : 2 • Internet Subscriber : 10,000 • User connectivity : Dial-up, ADSL, WLL • Mostly subscribed by govt. and Military officials • Cyber café : 20 (17 in Yangon, 3 in Mandalay) • Internet User : 50,000 • Satellite is main international connectivity • Country domain name : .mm

  5. Internet Development • The first Test E-mail Service • In early 1997 by a private company “datserco.com.mm”, an Eagle group company run by foreigners. • user@datserco.com.mm • Rarely known service • The first Official E-mail Service • Launched in November 1997 by MPT • user@mtpt400.stems.com • Not an internet email using SMTP but uses X.400 protocol • Winner Computer System  cheaper email services • The first public WWW access - launched in 1998 by Business Online (www.bol.com.mm) • Under the Act of Myanmar Post & Telecom Ministry.. • No private firm can generate post & telecom business. • Eagle Group and other private email providers were law suited.

  6. Internet Development • ISPs in Myanmar • Myanmar Post and Telecoms (MPT) • The first providing email, web-hosting, web-browsing, server co-location, FTP, intranet services etc. • Bagan Cybertech (BCT) • Established in 2000 • Internet Data Centre and Teleport facilities  Jan 2000 • Virtual private network services for domestic banks, government departments, private companies and • a VoIP gateway etc. • Internet services to the general public via dial-up access. • Services to SMEs via Broadband VSAT/ IP star  4 Mbps (expandable to 45 Mbps). • Broadband wireless local loop (WLL) services launched in April 2002.

  7. Development of ICT Infrastructure • Highest national body for ICT • Myanmar ICT Development Council • The focal point  the e-National Task Force (2000) • Seven working committees under the task force: • Legal Infrastructure Development • ICT Infrastructure Development • ICT Education and Human Resource Development • e-Application • ICT Standardization • ICT Products Liberalization • e-Measurement

  8. Development of ICT Infrastructure • The establishment of the Myanmar ICT (MICT) Park • A Consortium consisting of more than 50 local ICT companies • currently, 30 software companies operating • working mainly on content creation and application softwares • Increase Internet and PC Penetration Rates • Building Infrastructure for e-Government Initiative • Strengthen the connectivity Development • Establishing the public Internet Access Center • ICT exhibition is arranged in every year for 2 weeks

  9. e-Government Projects • Smart Card (June 2002) • 2000 smart cards for officials of Ministry of Defense. • e-Passport (August 2002) • 5000 passport in its initial phase • Smart Schools (October 2002) • Collaborated with the MDC (Malaysia) • e-Visa (January 2004) • Visa application and the payment online • Certification Authority (January 2004) • To set up the national CA, initially start with National Registration Authority (RA). • e-Procurement (January 2004) • Tender, direct purchase, catalogue will be included. • TEDI (Trade Electronic Data Interchange) -Ongoing

  10. Development of Legal Infrastructure • To promote e-commerce activities • To harmonise the legal system with other countries, esp., ASEAN • Cyber laws has been drafted. • Cover elements such as digital signature, payment gateway, certification authority, intellectual property rights, cyber security and crime. • The Electronic Transactions Law was enacted on 30th April 2004. • The Communications Law is underway …

  11. E-Banking and e-Commerce • Asia Wealth Bank Ltd. (AWB) and Yoma Bank launched e-banking service • Internet or Intranet users can enquire about bank balance and interest, view transactions • 24 hrs service • Recently launches e-Commerce Services is e-Shopping • Launched by Yoma Bank • Yoma Credit Card holders can go for domestic on-line shopping sites

  12. Human Resource Development • Working with institutions to focus on critical skills • 2 Unis & 24 Government Computer Colleges  Diploma to Doctoral courses • Private ICT Training Schools  Diploma & Bachelor courses • Collaborate with Overseas organizations • CICC Onsite Training Courses • Joint ICT Training Programs (conducted by S’pore, Japan & India) • Japan Myanmar e-Learning Center (MICT Park) • MCSA/JTEC Certificate Program (Japan) • Scholarship programs • Implement e-Learning Initiative • Opening 455 e-learning centers & over 900 Multimedia class rooms and computer labs • Develop ICT Skills in the Public Sector • e-Government Management Training Program to build internal capacity for coordinating and managing e-Government projects.

  13. Social Effects • Negative Effects • Greater use of the Internet was associated with declines in young people’s communication with family members. • The main use for Internet: • to play games • to listen music • to meet new people • Positive Effects • Beneficial to the development of one’s communication and social skills. • On-line identities allow them to overcome the shyness they feel in F2F interaction. • The emerging IT sector is aiding economic development through a crucial role its plays as a tool for training and upgrading human resources & capacity building. • Improved public services & better education. • Several Intl. companies are providing telemedicine services in major cities.

  14. Current Level of ICT Access and Use • ICT access and use  still very limited • About 50,000 users • Relatively expensive compared to local economy. • Not widely available, even in major cities. • Still new and luxury …

  15. Constraints on the use of ICT • Lack of Infrastructure • 9th out of 10 ASEAN countries in terms of: • e-infrastructure, e-society, e-commerce and e-government • classified as emerging readiness country • characterised by “the need to build basic ICT infrastructure” • Lack of financial resources for ICT education • One of the least developed countries in the world • GDP is roughly US$ 1,027. • Limited access to and awareness of ICT • One of the countries most shut off from the Internet • Myanmar Wide Web (MWW) instead of WWW. • Monitoring e-mail traffic and website content. • Allegedly controls the establishment of e-mail accounts and websites.

  16. Awards being offered … • Myanmar’s outstanding performance in the ICT development has been duly recognized and appreciated. • The ASOCIO Organization Award 2003 to the Myanmar Computer Federation at the 19th ASOCIO Summit and General Assembly held in Vietnam in 2003. Myanmar’s ICT sector is moving forward. ICT has developed more quickly and visible than other sector. Has made a good start in many areas such as Building Infrastructure, Promoting Awareness and Developing Human Resources.

  17. Analysis • Objective information on current state of ICT is limited. • The majority of data come from government sources, and the reliability of the information is difficult to verify. • Sources of information on conditions tend to be subjective as well. • Literacy in English, arguably the language of Internet, is quite low. • Still a developing country with limited financial resources and numerous development challenges. • Currently unable to tap into pools of international development assistance to implement ICT in full scale.

  18. Internet and Social Effects in Myanmar Any Questions?

  19. Internet and Social Effects in Myanmar Thank you. Wit Hmone T. Latt, Myat Su Yin

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