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Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration

Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration. Section 9-1 Chemical Pathways. Chemical Energy & Food. Energy 1 Gram Glucose = 3811 calories but when is A Calorie Is NOT a calorie. Chemical Energy & Food. calorie ( little c, energy unit ) Is The Energy Needed To Raise 1g of Water

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Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration

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  1. Chapter 9Cellular Respiration Section 9-1 Chemical Pathways

  2. Chemical Energy & Food Energy 1 Gram Glucose = 3811 calories but when is A Calorie Is NOT a calorie

  3. Chemical Energy & Food calorie(little c, energy unit) • Is The Energy Needed To • Raise 1g of Water • 1 degree Centigrade Calorie(Capital C) • Food Energy Unit • Equals 1000 calories

  4. Chemical Energy & Food Cells • Don’t BURN Glucose • They Gradually Release The Energy Stored In Glucose, Through Cellular Respiration • The First Step Is Glycolysis

  5. Glycolysis Key Concept: During Glycolysis, • Glucose Is Broken In Half • To Produce Two Molecules Of Pyruvic Acid A Three Carbon Compound

  6. Glycolysis - Cytoplasm Net Gain = 2 ATP’s Invest Two ATP’s To Make Four ATP’s

  7. Glycolysis NAD+ …. Accepts 2 Electrons To Form… NADH NADH = Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

  8. Glycolysis The Purpose of Glycolysis is The Production of NADH Look Familiar?

  9. Overview of Cellular Respiration Key Concept: Cellular Respiration Is The Process That Releases Energy By Breaking Down Glucose In The Presence Of Oxygen

  10. Overview of Cellular Respiration Following Glycolysis – The Pyruvic Acids Have Two Choices Cellular Respiration Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chain If Oxygen is Present If Oxygen is NOT Present The Pyruvic Acid Is Moved Into The Mitochondria Where The Pyruvic Acid Stays In The Cytoplasm Where Fermentation Alcoholic Lactic Acid

  11. Cellular Respiration Cytoplasm Cytoplasm Glycolysis Oxygen Present? No Yes Fermentation Aerobic Respiration Mitochondria

  12. Fermentation Anaerobic Pathway No Oxygen Key Concept: Two Types Of Fermentation: • Alcoholic Fermentation • Lactic Acid Fermentation

  13. Fermentation Why Ferment? • Frees Up NAD+ • Allows Glycolysis To Proceed • At least you get 2 more ATP

  14. Fermentation • Alcoholic Fermentation • Used By Yeasts & Other Microorganisms • Used To Make Bread, Beer, etc. • CO2 Released As Bubbles • Alcohol Bakes Out

  15. Fermentation Alcoholic Fermentation Pyruvic Acid + NADH Alcohol + CO2 + NAD+

  16. Fermentation Lactic Acid Fermentation Anaerobic Metabolism Of Animal Cells Causes Pain & Fatigue Pyruvic Acid + NADH Lactic Acid + NAD+

  17. Why Ferment? Net Gain = 2 ATP’s Fermentation Because If You Can Ferment LIVE! You Get To

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