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Understanding Democracy: Concepts and Models for Effective Governance

Dive into the concept of democracy, exploring its roots in Greek words, procedural and substantive views, and the values of universal participation, political equality, and majority rule. Understand the different institutional models such as Majoritarian, Pluralist, and Elitist, each with its unique approach to governance and citizen participation. Discover the Big Question for governments on balancing order and freedom in democracy.

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Understanding Democracy: Concepts and Models for Effective Governance

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Presentation Transcript

  1. An Overview of Democracy

  2. Concept of Government BIG QUESTION FOR GOVERNMENTS: How much order should the government provide and how much freedom should the people have? Autocracy Oligarchy Democracy No Freedom Lots of Freedom

  3. What is Democracy? • Greek word • “Demos” meaning common people • “Kratos” meaning “power” • What constitutes a democracy? • First idea: democracy is a form of government (procedural democracy) • Second idea: democracy is about the substance of policies (substantive democracy)

  4. Procedural v. Substantive Democracy Procedural View Substantive View • Concerned with three values: • Universal participation: who should participate in decision-making? • Political equality: how much should one’s vote count? • Majority rule: how many votes are needed for a decision? • Concerned with concepts of civil liberties, civil rights, social rights, and economic rights • A country is judged on what rights it affords its citizens • Can conflict with minority rights though if majoritarian rule (need

  5. Institutional Models of Democracy • Majoritarian: government by the majority of the people • Emphasizes elections as the primary part of democracy • Assumes public is knowledgeable enough to participate • Pluralist: government by people operating in competing groups • Emphasizes political parties, interest groups, etc. as primary part of democracy • Assumes public is able to deliberate and compromise • Elitist: government by a small group of people • Emphasizes that elections are irrelevant in democracy • Assumes a small group controls decision-making and that decisions benefit them primarily

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