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This educational resource engages students with primary source documents, such as William Penn's essays and letters from key figures like John Ross and Elias Boudinot. It addresses critical questions about the validity of assumptions regarding Native Americans, the constitutionality of removal, and its implications for American values. Using the PIH framework, educators can foster discussions on the diverse opinions of Indigenous peoples in the 1830s and the ethical considerations surrounding policies like ethnic cleansing. A powerful tool for honing critical thinking and contextual analysis.
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Debating Removal Kathryn H. Braund
Please read: 1. William Penn essay (105) 2. Catherine Beecher Circular (111) 3. Lewis Cass (115) 4. John Ross Letter 5. Elias Boudinot Letter (161)
How can these documents Be used to teach critical thinking skills? Be used to convey content and context? Be employed within the PIH framework?
Removal-Discussion Questions • Were the assumptions about Indians valid? • Was removal “ethnic cleansing”? • Was it constitutional? • Was it in the best American tradition? • What were the other options?
Removal-Discussion Questions • Indians divided over the proper course. Put yourself in their shoes. What do you believe was the best option for Indians in the 1830s?
Removal-Discussion Questions • Wallace, The Long, Bitter Trail: “The U.S. acquired millions of acres of fertile Southern land, which it sold at little or no profit to speculators and settlers, thereby in effect subsidizing the expansion of the cotton industry and the slave system along with it.” Do you agree?