Catalyst: Holes by Louis Sachar

1. Catalyst:Holes by Louis Sachar • Read Aloud—Chapter 5 • Read chapter 6 silently & independently • Reflections in notebook: Do you think Stanley committed the crime? Why or Why not? What evidence from the book have you found to support your opinion? • Read Aloud—Chapter 7 (to pg. 31)

2. http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/earthsstructure/ LAYERS OF THE EARTH 10/12 and 10/13

3. There are four layers of the Earth: - the crust- the mantle- the outer core- the inner core How Many Layers Are There?

4. On back/left hand side of notes draw and label the Earth you see in your hand

5. The crust is the thinnest (32 km or 25 miles), outermost layer of the Earth • Connection Think, Pair, Share: If it is the top layer do you think it is the densest or least dense layer? Crust:

6. Example: What could we compare the crust of the Earth to? It is similar to the peel of an apple in the sense that it is thin and covers the outside of the Earth Think Pair Share—any other ideas?

7. Anywhere you can see rock, you are seeing the crust of the Earth!!! What Does Crust Look Like? • A lot of the crust is hard to see because it is covered by soil, rock and water

8. Crust is thicker beneath continents & thinner beneath oceans or rivers Mountains are parts of the crust that stick out (made of rock) Rocks such as granite and basalt Crust is under the oceans and on the land: Basalt-- Granite--

9. Crust is Mostly: Oxygen---- 47% Silicon– 28%

10. Location: Temperature: Density: Made up of: Thickness: Crust Review:

11. Peel Back your Play dough Layer! Now what layer are we on? Let’s go deeper into the Earth

12. The mantle is the thickest layer (2900 km or 1800 miles), located in the middle of the Earth Mantle:

13. Example: What could we compare the Mantle of the Earth to? It is similar to the white part of an apple in the sense that it is the thickest part Think Pair Share—any other ideas?

14. What Does Mantle Look Like? • The Mantle is HOT (870-2200 degree Celsius!) • At this temperature the rock begins to melt making the Mantle thick and oozy! • Mantle is what bursts out of volcanoes

15. The Mantle is Mostly: Oxygen---- 44% Silicon– 21.5% Magnesium– 22.8% Also: Iron, Aluminum, calcium

16. Location: Temperature: Density: Made up of: Thickness: Mantle Review:

17. Peel Back your Play dough Layer! Now what layer are we on? Let’s go deeper into the Earth

18. The core is the hottest layer, located in the center of the Earth • Connection Think, Pair, Share: If it is the inner layer do you think it is the densest or least dense layer? Core:

19. Example: What could we compare the Core of the Earth to? It is similar to the seeds or core of an apple in the sense that it is the center and the hardest/densest part. Think Pair Share—any other ideas?

20. What Does CoRe Look Like? • 2 layers: • Liquid outer core--- • oozy, flowing due to • high temperature that • has melted the minerals/ • rocks. • Solid inner core—hard, dense center– so much pressure that despite the hot temperature that would melt the rocks it stays solid.

21. The Core is Mostly: Iron---- Nickel---

22. Location: Temperature: Density: Made up of: Thickness: C0re Review:

23. What layer of the Earth is Stanley digging holes into in the book Holes? • List three qualities about this layer (the layer Stanley is digging in) of the Earth. • The Earth is like a peach. Explain this analogy by relating each part of a peach (each layer—skin, part you eat, pit) to each layer of the Earth. How are the Earth and a peach similar in this analogy? Are there any ways, in which the analogy doesn’t fit—that the Earth and peach’s layers are not similar? Exit Ticket & homework pass out: