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Master the Past: Preterite vs. Imperfect in Spanish Grammar

Learn to differentiate between preterite and imperfect tenses in Spanish, covering completed actions and ongoing events in the past. Practice forming imperfect tense and recognizing special meanings of key verbs.

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Master the Past: Preterite vs. Imperfect in Spanish Grammar

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  1. El pretérito y el imperfecto

  2. You learned to use the preterite tense to talk about actions completed in the past. The imperfect tense describes events that occurred in the past. The imperfect is used: • To speak about background events in a story • To talk about something you used to do as a habit • To speak about how old someone was • To say what time it was

  3. To form the imperfect tense, you take the root of the verb (before the –ar, -er, or –ir ending) drop the ending, then add the following: -AR verbs -Er / -IR verbs

  4. cantar

  5. tener

  6. ser

  7. ir

  8. ver

  9. Special meanings • Conocer : • Conocía Juan hace cinco años. I met Juan five years ago.(completedaction) • En aquella época conocíamos muy bien la ciudad. At that time we knew the city very well. (no definitebeginningorend) • Querer: • María quiso comprar la casa. Maria tried to buy the house. (completed action) • Juan queríacomprar la casa. Juan wanted to buy the house. (no definite beginning or end) • No querer: • María no quiso comprar la casa. Maria refused to buy the house. (completedaction) • Juan no quería comprar la casa. Juan did not want to buy the house.(no definite beginning or end)

  10. Special meanings • Saber: • María lo supo ayer. Maria found out yesterday. (completed action) • Juan sabía que María estudiaba. Juan knew that Maria was studying. (no definitebeginningorend) • Poder: • María pudo levantar la mesa. Maria succeeded in lifting the table.(completed action) • Juan podíaparticipar en el concierto. Juan was able to participate in the concert. (no definite beginning or end) • Tener: • María tuvo una carta de su mamá. Maria received a letter from her mom.(completed action) • Juan tenía un cochenuevo. Juan used to have a new car. (no definite beginning or end)

  11. When I was little, I played hide-and-seek with my cousins and friends. _________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.My little brother always told jokes. There was much laughter! _________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.Did you climb trees or did you jump rope yesterday? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. My little sister always built with blocks. She was creative. ______________________________________________________________________________________

  12. 5.My best friend (fem) was animated and sociable. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 6.I liked school a lot (watch out, think about gustar and how it would be conjugated for one item) and I got good grades. It was really easy! ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. When my great-grandmother was little, her family was poor, but they were happy. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Last week all my relatives came to the party to celebrate my birthday. ______________________________________________________________________________________

  13. 9. There were twins in my class last year. ______________________________________________________________________________ 10. My mother was successful in returning (to return) to work after having my sister. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11. I was always embarrassed in school and my face was always red. ______________________________________________________________________________________

  14. 12. My dad was always careful when he played with us. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13. My sister’s boyfriend was jealous when she spent time with her friends. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 14. In school, my sister was shy, but at home, she was fun and animated. ______________________________________________________________________________

  15. ¿P o I? Cuandoyo 1.___________(ser) joven, mi mejoramiga 2. _______________(llamarse) Yolanda, perosuapodo 3. __________________(ser) Yoli. Yoli y yosiempre 4. _____________ (andar) juntas. A nosotrasnos 5. ______________gustar) hacerlasmismascosas. Porejemplo, a ella le 6.______________ (gustar) escribircuentos y a mi me 7. _______________(gustar) escribirpoemas. Yo 8.___________________(compartir) mis ideas con ella. Ella me 9._______________(influir) mucho.

  16. Un díaYoli10. _____________(estar) en mi casa cuandome 11. ____________(decir), “¿Porqué no vamos al centrocomercial?” Aunque me 12. ______________(parecer) buena idea, yo 13.____________(saber) que no 14.___________ (poder) ir sin pedirpermiso a mis papas. Peromispapás 15. ______________(estar) en el trabajo. “¡Anda, vamos!” me 16._______________(repetir) hasta que me 17._______________(convencer).

  17. Al llegar al centrocomercial, la primera persona que 18.______(ver) 19._____________(ser) mi tía. Mitíainmediatamente 20._____________(llamar) a mis padres paradecirlesque 21._________________(estar) fuera de casa sin permiso.Esedía, 22. __________ (resolver) jamáshacerlecaso a Yoli.

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