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Evolution of the Internet: From ARPANET to Web Addressing

Explore the history of the Internet, from the inception of ARPANET in 1969 to the development of the World Wide Web. Learn about its growth, key players, and how to navigate this expansive network. Discover the roles of Internet Service Providers, Content Providers, and Application Service Providers. Acquaint yourself with the basics of Internet addressing, from IP addresses to domain names and web addresses. Find information efficiently through search strategies, using phrases, Boolean operators, and multiple search sites. Embrace the dynamic nature of the Internet and prepare for the next generation of digital advancement.

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Evolution of the Internet: From ARPANET to Web Addressing

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Presentation Transcript

  1. What is the Internet? 11/27/07

  2. Where did the Internet start? • Networked computers started by Military • ARPANET – 1969 experiment by the Defense department • Connected 4 supercomputers • During war email part became popular • Soon became a problem • Protocols were developed • Evolved into today’s Internet

  3. World Wide Web • Internet went unnoticed for several decades • 1989 – Tim Berners-Lee proposed an idea at CERN (a physics lab in Europe) • Envisioned a network to organize info in pages that were connected by selectable text – hyperlinks • Became popular with researchers

  4. 1993 – Graphical User Interface was introduced • Mosaic released as 1st graphical web browser • Web is only part of the internet

  5. Who owns the Internet? NO ONE!!!!!

  6. Internet2 • Consortium of 200 universities working with industries and government • Advanced Internet applications and technologies • Will not replace existing Internet

  7. What will the next generation bring?Only time will tell!!!!

  8. How Do We Join this Growing Community?

  9. Users • People who use the services • Look up telephone numbers • Browse online catalogs • Make purchases • Download music/games • Send email • 2/3 of population • Home, work, schools, libraries, other public locations

  10. Internet Service Providers • Who we get our service from • For a fee • Examples: ATT, AOL, Sprint, EarthLink, Comcast Cable • Provide access to World Wide Web, email, other resources

  11. Content Providers • Supply info to Internet • Commercial businesses • Nonprofit organizations • Educational institutions • Individuals

  12. Application Service Providers • Companies that manage/distribute software-based services • Rent software access • Examples: office suites, accounting programs • Web Services

  13. Infrastructure Companies • Enterprises that own/operate paths of the Internet • Telephone, satellite, and cable companies

  14. Hardware/software companies • Companies that make/distribute products used with internet

  15. How do I find info?

  16. Internet Addresses • IP address – Internet Protocol address • Uniquely identifies each computer or device • Example • 216.239.39.99 Identifies specific computer

  17. Domain Name • IP hard to remember • Domain name – text version • www.google.com • Examples of domain names: • Com - commercial • Edu - education • Gov - government • Mil - military • Net – network provider • Org – non-profit organization

  18. Web Addresses • URL – Uniform Resource Locator • http://www.us-parks.com/grand_canyon/scenic_vistas.html • http: - Hypertext Transfer Protocol – sets rules how pages transfer on the Internet • www.us-parks.com – domain name • grand_canyon – path to the server • scenic_vistas.html – web page name

  19. Looking for info • Subject directory – classifies web page by categories www.yahoo.com • Search engine – finds web sites, web pages, images, video, news, etc. www.google.com • Some do both – Yahoo! And Google

  20. Search Strategies

  21. Using Phrases • Use Phrase searching • Keying more than one word • Returns all phrases first, then the individual words

  22. Boolean Operators • And, Or, and Not • Example: all searches related to Intel and AMD processor manufactures • Key in “INTEL AND AMD” • Example 2: all searches not including Intel • Key in microprocessors NOT Intel • Some search sites use + for AND, - for NOT

  23. Multiple Sites • Don’t be afraid to use other search sites • Give different results • Use more than one

  24. Appropriate Keywords • Do not use “the”, “a”, and “in” unless they are part of a phrase • Example: want to find out about bed and breakfasts located in Monticello, Georgia • Key in – Monticello Georgia bed and breakfast • If this doesn’t help – use synonyms • Ex. Hotel or lodging

  25. Wildcards • A special symbol in conjunction with a part of a word • Ex. Hand sign* • This would find hand signs, hand signals, hand signaling, and any other combination

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