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Technician Licensing Class “T1”

Technician Licensing Class “T1”. Presented by the Opp Amateur Radio Club Opp, AL Sunday, September 21, 2014. Amateur Radio Technician Class Element 2 Course Presentation. ELEMENT 2 SUB-ELEMENTS T1 - FCC Rules, station license responsibilities T2 - Control operator duties

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Technician Licensing Class “T1”

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  1. Technician Licensing Class“T1” Presented by the Opp Amateur Radio Club Opp, AL Sunday, September 21, 2014

  2. Amateur Radio Technician ClassElement 2 Course Presentation • ELEMENT 2 SUB-ELEMENTS • T1 - FCC Rules, station license responsibilities • T2 - Control operator duties • T3 - Operating practices • T4 - Radio and electronic fundamentals • T5 - Station setup and operation • T6 - Communications modes and methods • T7 - Special operations • T8 - Emergency and Public Service Communications • T9 - Radio waves, propagation, and antennas • T0 - Electrical and RF Safety

  3. FCC Rules and Station Licensee ResponsibilitiesT1A • Basis and purpose of the Amateur Radio Service • An Amateur Radio Station is a station in an Amateur Radio Service consisting of the apparatus necessary for carrying on radio communications. • An amateur operator as defined in Part 97 is a person named in an amateur operator/primary license grant in the FCC ULS database. • One of the basic purposes of the Amateur Radio Service as defined in Part 97 is to provide a voluntary noncommercial communications service to the public, particularly in times of emergency. • Two of the five fundamental purposes for the Amateur Radio Service are to increase the number of trained radio operators and electronics experts, and improve international goodwill.

  4. FCC Rules and Station Licensee Responsibilities T1A • Penalties for unlicensed operation, other penalties • The Federal Communications Commission makes and enforces the rules for the Amateur Radio Service in the United States. • Harmful interference is a transmission that disturbs other communications.

  5. FCC Rules and Station Licensee Responsibilities T1A • Examinations • The classes of US amateur radio licenses that may currently be earned by examination are Technician, General, and Amateur Extra. • A Volunteer Examiner (VE) is an amateur accredited by one or more Volunteer Examiner Coordinators (VECs) who volunteers to administer amateur license exams. • Three Volunteer Examiners holding a General Class license or higher are required to administer an Element 2 Technician written exam • A Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination (CSCE) is valid for license upgrade purposes for 365 days.

  6. Volunteer Examiner • Each administering VE must: • Be accredited by the coordinating VEC • Be at least 18 years of age • Be a person who holds an amateur operator license of the class specified below: • Amateur Extra, Advanced or General Class in order to administer a Technician Class operator license examination • Amateur Extra or Advanced Class in order to administer a General Class operator license examination • Amateur Extra Class in order to administer an Amateur Extra Class operator license examination • Must be present and observing the examinee throughout the entire examination

  7. Official documents • VE Badges & FCC License(s)

  8. CSCE

  9. VEC offices of W5YI(K5GTP Tracy)

  10. Actual input to FCC from VEC

  11. FCC Rules and Station Licensee Responsibilities T1B • ITU regions • The purpose of ITU Regions is to assist in the management of frequency allocations. • International Telecommunication Union (ITU) • U.S. is in Region 2

  12. International Telegraph Union (ITU) Regions

  13. FCC Rules and Station Licensee Responsibilities T1B • International regulations • You are allowed to operate your amateur station in a foreign country when there is a reciprocal operating agreement between the countries.

  14. FCC Rules and Station Licensee Responsibilities T1B • US call sign structure • The FCC uses a system, called the Sequential Call Sign System, where call signs are assigned in sequential order to select new amateur radio call signs. • An amateur radio club would obtain a club station call sign by applying through a Club Station Call Sign Administrator. • Minimum of four members are required for a club

  15. FCC Rules and Station Licensee ResponsibilitiesT1B • US call sign structure(cont) • The letters, A, K, N and W, must be used for the first letter in US amateur call signs. • Calls are issued in a sequential manner, not random • A single digit, 0 through 9 number is used in US amateur call signs. • Numbers are assigned by district of applicant • KB3TMJ is a valid US amateur callsign.

  16. Call sign by state exam taken

  17. Call Signs (cont.) • FCC Region number • 1 - ME, NH, VT, MA, CT, RI • 2 - NY, NJ • 3 - PA, MD, DE • 4 - VA, KY, NC, TN, SC, GA, Al, FL • 5 - AR, LA, OK, TX, NM • 6 - CA • 7 - WA, MT, ID, OR, UT, NV, AZ • 8 - MI, OH, WV • 9 - WI, IL, IN

  18. Call Signs (cont.) • FCC Region number (cont.) • 0 - ND, SD, MN, IA, NE, MO, KS, CO • 11- AK (*L7) • 12 - Caribbean (*P4) • 13 - Hawaii and Pacific Islands (*H6) • Suffix • Alphabetically sequential • Based on where living at time of issuance • Not Automatically changed but can be requested

  19. FCC Rules and Station Licensee Responsibilities T1B • Special event calls • Any FCC-licensed amateur is eligible to apply for temporary use of a 1-by-1 format Special Event call sign. • Special Event call sign has the same ID requirements as your own call sign. You must also ID with your call sign once an hour.

  20. Technician Frequencies • 6 meters - 50 to 54 MHz • 2 meters - 144 to 148 MHz • 1.25 meters - 222 to 225 MHz • 219 to 220 MHz secondary use only for point to point digital message forwarding. • 70 centimeters* - 420 to 450 MHz • no 430 to 430 MHz north of line A (south of Canada.) • 33 centimeters* - 902 to 928 MHz • 23 centimeters* - 1240 to 1300 MHz • Other higher frequencies* • Can not interfere when we are a secondary user. • Hams may be a secondary user or have geographic/power limits.

  21. FCC Rules and Station Licensee Responsibilities T1B • Vanity call signs • You would use the vanity call sign program to obtain a call sign containing your initials. • Renewal of vanity call signs can be done on the Internet. There is a fee for the vanity call.

  22. FCC Rules and Station Licensee Responsibilities T1C • Authorized frequencies (Technician), operation near band edges • The frequency, 52.525 MHz, is within the 6-meter band. • You are using the 2 meter band when you are transmitting on 146.52 MHz. • If you are operating on 223.50 MHz then you are operating on the 1.25 meter amateur band. • The 70-centimeter frequency, 443.350 MHz, is authorized to a Technician class license holder operating in ITU Region 2. • The 23 centimeter frequency, 1296 MHz, is authorized to a Technician class license holder operating in ITU Region 2.

  23. The 2-meter amateur band is in the VHF or Very High Frequency range.

  24. The 70-centimeter amateur band is in the UHF or Ultra High Frequency range.

  25. Frequency allocations • 50 - 150 MHz • 50.000 - 54.000Amateur (6-meter) • 54.000 - 72.000 Broadcast TV chs 2-4 (6 MHz steps - FMw) 72.000 - 76.000 (various) • 76.000 - 88.000 Broadcast TV chs 5-6 (6 MHz steps - FMw) 88.000 - 108.000 FM Broadcast (200 kHz steps - FMw) 108.000 - 118.000 Aero - navigation • 118.000 - 136.000 Aero - communications (25 kHz steps - AM) 136.000 - 138.000 Satellite • 138.000 - 144.000 US Government • 144.000 - 148.000Amateur (2-meter) • 148.000 - 150.800 US Government

  26. Frequency allocations (cont) • 162 - 450 MHz • 162.025 - 174.000 (various, mainly US Government) 174.000 - 216.000 Broadcast TV chs 7-13 (6 MHz steps - FMw) • 216.000 - 218.000 Maritime - AMTS, coast (25 kHz steps) • 218.000 - 219.000 IVDS - Interactive Video & Data • 219.000 - 220.000 Maritime - AMTS, ship (25 kHz steps) 220.000 - 221.000 (Private land Mobile) - base ( 5 kHz steps) 221.000 - 222.000 (Private land Mobile) - mobile( " " " ) 222.000 - 225.000Amateur (1.25-meter) • 225.000 - 400.000 US Government - Aero (AM) • 400.000 - 406.000 US Govt - Meteorological / Space • 406.000 - 420.000 US Government • 420.000 -450.000 Amateur(70cm)/military/radar/radiolocation

  27. Frequency allocations (cont) • 896 - 1300 MHz: • 896.000 - 901.000 SMR/Business/Industry - mobile (12.5 kHz steps) • 901.000 - 902.000 Personal Communications Services • 902.000 - 928.000Amateur (33cm) / various secondary • 928.000 - 929.000 () • 929.000 - 930.000 paging • 930.000 - 931.000 Personal Communications Services - base 931.000 - 935.000 () • 935.000 - 940.000 SMR/Business/Industry - base (12.5 kHz steps) • 940.000 - 941.000 Personal Communications Services - base 941.000 - 960.000 () • 960.000 -1215.000 Aeronautical navigation 1215.000 -1240.000 US Govt - Radiolocation / Space • 1240.000 -1300.000Amateur (23cm)

  28. FCC Rules and Station Licensee Responsibilities T1C • Reciprocal licensing • You must be named in the FCC amateur license database, or be an alien with reciprocal operating authorization before you can control an amateur station in the US. • A US amateur license allows you to transmit from wherever the Amateur Radio Service is regulated by the FCC or where reciprocal agreements are in place. • A US amateur operator may communicate with an amateur in a foreign country at any time unless prohibited by either government.

  29. FCC Rules and Station Licensee Responsibilities T1C • Spectrum sharing • When authorized by the FCC, amateur stations are allowed to communicate with stations operating in other radio services. • Communications on a regular basis that could reasonably be furnished alternatively through other radio services are not permitted in the Amateur Radio Service. • When an amateur frequency band is said to be available on a secondary basis, amateurs may not cause harmful interference to primary users according to the FCC rules.

  30. FCC Rules and Station Licensee Responsibilities T1D • The station license • The government agency that grants your amateur radio license is the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). • The FCC issues operator/station licenses in the Amateur Radio Service. • Anyone except a representative of a foreign government can become an amateur licensee in the US.

  31. FCC Rules and Station Licensee ResponsibilitiesT1D • The station license(cont) • You may transmit after passing the required examination elements for your first amateur radio license and as soon as your license grant appears in the FCC's ULS database. • Your responsibility as a station licensee is to ensure your station is operated in accordance with the FCC rules. • There is no minimum age requirement to hold an amateur license.

  32. No minimum age for an Amateur Radio License

  33. FCC Rules and Station Licensee Responsibilities T1D • Correct name and address on file • The FCC requires the station licensee mailing address to be kept up to date on the Universal Licensing System (ULS) database. • An Amateur radio operator must have a correct name and mailing address on file with the FCC to receive mail delivery from the FCC by the United States Postal Service. • The FCC may revoke or suspend a license if the mailing address of the holder is not current with the FCC. If mail is returned to the FCC as undeliverable this could be a cause.

  34. FCC SUSPENDS HAM LICENSES FOR FAILURE TO MAINTAIN MAILING ADDRESS (it can happen) • The FCC has suspended two Amateur Radio licenses because the holders had failed to maintain correct mailing addresses in the Commission's licensee database. • Special Counsel in the FCC Spectrum Enforcement Division Riley Hollingsworth wroteLarry L. Smith, KC7LJR, of Middleton, Idaho, and Larry J. Maniag, KD7JTG, of Payson, Arizona,on June 28, 2006 to inform them the FCC was suspending their Technician tickets for the remainder of their license terms or until each licensee provides a valid mailing address. • http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2006/07/18/100/

  35. FCC Rules and Station Licensee ResponsibilitiesT1D • License term, renewals, grace period • The normal term for an amateur station license grant is 10 years. • You are not permitted to continue to transmit if you forget to renew your amateur license and it expires. Transmitting is not allowed until the license is renewed and appears on the FCC ULS database. • The grace period during which the FCC will renew an expired 10-year license without re-examination is 2 years.

  36. Take aways • Amateur Radio Station…carries on radio communications with necessary apparatus. • Amateur Operator … person named in FCC ULS database • Basic purposes … voluntary noncommercial service, particularly during emergencies • Two of Five … increase numbers of trained operators and improve international goodwill

  37. Take aways (cont) • FCC makes and enforces rules • Harmful interference disturbs other communications • Ten years … two year grace period. Renew on line /no cost. (unless a vanity call) • ITU Regions assist management of frequency allocations … U.S. in Region 2

  38. Take aways (cont) • Reciprocal operating agreement allows operation in foreign countries • FCC uses Sequential Call Sign System • Four members for a club station … obtained by applying through Club Station Call Sign Administrator

  39. Take aways (cont) • 52.525 MHz … 6-meter band • 146.52 MHz … 2-meter band • 223.50 MHz … 1.25-meter band • 443.350 MHz … 70-centimeter • 1296 MHz … 23-centimeter • Notice that as the frequency goes up, the wavelength goes down • (Sorry, you need to memorize these frequencies)

  40. Take aways (cont) • Control an amateur station … name in FCC database or be an alien with reciprocal agreement to operate in U.S. • U.S. license allows transmissions … FCC regulated or reciprocal agreements • U.S. amateurs communicate with foreign countries unless prohibited by either governments • With authorization by FCC … communications with other radio services may be permitted

  41. Take aways (cont) • Communications on regular basis furnished by other radio services are not permitted • Amateur bands as secondary basis my not cause harmful interference to primary users by rules • FCC grants amateur radio license • FCC issues operator/station licenses in the Amateur Radio Service

  42. Take aways (cont) • Anyone except a representative of a foreign government can become an amateur licensee in the U.S. • No age requirements • Transmissions after passing the required exam and as soon as your license grant appears in the FCC ULS database • Responsibility as a station licensee: ensure your station is operated in accordance with the FCC rules

  43. Take aways (cont) • Station licensee mailing address must be current, correct name and address, revocation of license possible if returned as undeliverable • Letters: A K N W … Numbers: 0 thru 9; assigned by district of applicant • Any amateur can apply for temporary 1 by 1 Special Event call sign, use normal ID requirements plus your call sign once an hour • Vanity call signs thru vanity call sign program … renewal on Internet, fee required • Technician, General, Extra

  44. Take aways (cont) • VE is volunteer examiner … VEC Volunteer examiner coordinator • CSCE … valid for 365 days • Normal term for license of 10 years • Transmitting is not permitted if license not valid … renewed and appears on the FCC ULS database • Grace period is 2 years with re-examination … no transmitting permitted during this time frame

  45. Element 2 Technician Class Question PoolT1 Valid July 1, 2006 Through June 30, 2010

  46. T1A01 Who is an amateur operator as defined in Part 97? • A person named in an amateur operator/primary license grant in the FCC ULS database • A person who has passed a written license examination • The person named on the FCC Form 605 Application • A person holding a Restricted Operating Permit

  47. T1A02 What is one of the basic purposes of the Amateur Radio Service as defined in Part 97? • To support teaching of amateur radio classes in schools • To provide a voluntary noncommercial communications service to the public, particularly in times of emergency • To provide free message service to the public • To allow the public to communicate with other radio services

  48. T1A03 What classes of US amateur radio licenses may currently be earned by examination? • Novice, Technician, General, Advanced • Technician, General, Advanced • Technician, General, Extra • Technician, Tech Plus, General

  49. T1A04Who is a Volunteer Examiner? • A certified instructor who volunteers to examine amateur teaching manuals • An FCC employee who accredits volunteers to administer amateur license exams • An amateur accredited by one or more VECs who volunteers to administer amateur license exams • Any person who volunteers to examine amateur station equipment

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