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Table of Contents

Table of Contents. Overview 3 Registered Attendees 4 Mark Knall Presentation Graphic 5 Fred Best RPC Presentation Graphic 6 The Value Engine Graphic 7 Jane Reifert Incredible Adventures Presentation Graphic 8 A Space Market Place Graphic 9

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Table of Contents

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  1. Table of Contents Overview 3 Registered Attendees 4 Mark Knall Presentation Graphic 5 Fred Best RPC Presentation Graphic 6 The Value Engine Graphic 7 Jane Reifert Incredible Adventures Presentation Graphic 8 A Space Market Place Graphic 9 Industry Advisory Group 10 Information Exchange 12 Position Statement 13 Pathfinder Project 14 Marketing the Pathfinder Project 17 Marketing 18 Commercial Enterprise Options • Human Life Support / Habitats / Advanced Materials 19 • Spacecraft Systems 20 • Imaging and Communications 21 • Power and Propulsion 23

  2. Overview On May 16-18, 2006, representatives from NASA, the Research Partnership Centers, the space industry, and the investment community gathered at the Ames Research Center at Moffet Field to explore the future of space commercialization. This forum was the next in a series of workshops focused on how to encourage the development of a space industry. The focus of this workshop was how to leverage the technology portfolios and proven research capabilities of the RPC's. The workshop began with a series of presentations by Mark Nall and Frank Best on the history of the RPC's and a sampling of the technologies that the RPC's have developed. Participants then worked through a series of assignments in small teams to define the demand, supply and investment needs in several different focus areas and then identify and develop several investment opportunities in each area. In the final round of work, teams developed a Project Pathfinder plan, marketing ideas for the project, ideas for promoting the space commercialization opportunity and recommendations for an industry advisory group. This document contains a high level summary of the work completed by the participants at this forum.

  3. Registered Attendees David Anderman Constellation Svcs. Int’l, Inc. Woody Anderson NASA MSFC Hugh Arif Cisco Systems, Inc. Jim Baker Spacehab, Inc. James Benson Space Dev Fred Best Center for Space Power Dallas Bienhoff Boeing Brad Blair CSM-CSR Dave Boyle Spacecraft Techn. Center Henry Brandhorst Space Research Institute Dave Brandt Lockheed Martin Rita Briggs Lockheed Martin Geoff Brown Ontologent / M2Mi Joe Carroll Tether Applications, Inc. Malcom Carter Space Island Group Sean Casey USRA Phil Chapman t/Space Kathleen Connell The Connell Whittaker Group LLC Bonnie Dalton NASA ARC Larry DeLucas UAB Alan DeLuna United Space Alliance Mita Desai NASA Mary Lynne Dittmar Dittmar Associates, Inc. Dr. Marilyn Dudley-Flores OPS-Alaska Arthur Dula Attorney At Law Paul Eckert Boeing Company - Space Exploration Edward Ellegood State of Florida Mike Finney Finney Capital Orin F Flask GlobeOne Sourcing & Fulfillment Svcs. Thomas Gangale OPS-Alaska & San Francisco St. Univ. Rachel Garces NASA MSFC Bev Girten NASA ARC William Glenn NASA Imaging Tech. Ctr. at FL Atlantic Univ. Francine Gordon F Gordon Group James Gordon N/A Consuelo Griego Global Impact Lynn Harper Space Portal NASA ARC Klaus Heiss High Frontier Anthony Heÿenga University of Colorado Michael Hicks Lockheed Martin Advanced Tech. Ctr Esther Hill Lockheed Martin/ NASA ARC John Hines NASA ARC Steve Hing NASA ARC Chris Hoeft Andrews Space Gary C Hudson AirLaunch LLC Bill Hulsey Hulsey IP Lawyers, P.C. Kathleen Imhoff Pacific BioFacilities Gary Jahns NASA ARC Amaresh Kollipara Space Venturing Forum Roger Lenard SNL Henry Leon Create Tech Village Corp. Dr. David Livingston The Space Show Chris Maese NASA ARC Richard Mains Mains Associates Alan Marty N/A Paul Masson Strategic Alliances Resources Network, LLC Goorge May Institute for Tech. Development Beth McKnight Research Partnership Ctrs. & SpaceClass Gene Meyers Space Island Group Brian Mitchell NASA/MSFC Todd Mosher Lockheed Martin Space Systems Gerry Murphy DesignNet Engineering Mark Nall NASA MSFC Mary Napier N/A Gene Scout N/A Mark Newfield NASA ARC Jim Pass, Ph.D. Astrosociology.com Bruce Pittman ACES Richard PournelleN/A Julian Prabhu Boeing Dan Rasky NASA ARC Paul Reichert Schering-Plough Research Inst. Debra Reiss-Bubenheim NASA ARC Rex Ridenoure Ecliptic Enterprises Corp. Peter Sage Space Island Group Greg Schmidt NASA ARC Hans Schnettler Lockheed Martin Space Exploration Andrea Seastrand California Space Authority Michael Sims NASA ARC Phil Smith Cal Space Grant Foundation Robin Snelson N/A Ken Souza SETI/NASA ARC Louis Stodieck BioServe Space Technologies Dennis Stone NASA Paul Sutton Kabria Technologies Al Tadros Space Systems / Loral Judy Turner California Space Authority Mark Uhran NASA Erika Wagner MIT Mars Gravity Rod Wilks ATK Lana Wilson Center for Space Power Dennis Wingo Skycorp Incorporated Mike Wiskerchen California Space Grant Foundation Bruce Yost Inovamar LLC Allison Zuniga NASA ARC

  4. Industry Advisory Group • Advisory Committee on Commercial Enterprise in the Solar System (ACCESS): • Industry members representing a cross-section of space entities • Bring strengths of industry diversity to internal planning and collaboration • Bring strengths of industry diversity to recommendations to NASA and other government agencies • Draft regulatory environment for space commerce

  5. Discuss in ad-hoc industry group by August 1, 2006 ACCESS concept and agenda: Lunar Commerce Executive Roundtable sponsors, US Chamber of Commerce, Space Enterprise Council Issues to be discussed include: Property rights in context of Outer Space Treaty, etc. Intellectual and physical International recognition / compliance ITAR / INA / etc. as impediments to international collaboration Traffic control Search and rescue Liability Salvage Common standards – interoperability Dispute solution / settlement Space / surface debris Government / industry roles ACCESS organization – funding and mandate Environmental issue Heritage site protection (Apollo, etc.) Industry Advisory Group International Agency NASA Programs Space Consortium ACES NASA ARC Space Portal IPT DOD

  6. Information Exchange • Questions: • Other than money, what resources would you most like to see or have access? • Who else could benefit from the different aspects of what your project does? • How can we share information and value? • Resource hub • Space portal • “MySpace” for Space

  7. Government’s Role: The role of government should be to facilitate, not dominate, the growth of space commerce. Government’s role should ultimately decrease to achieve the goal of self-sustaining commercial activity Government should provide incentives, and legal-regulatory regime, and infrastructure. Important roles include: Advance purchase Coordination Regulation Outcome: To communicate in a compelling and concise way the benefits that commercial space can bring to commerce, communities, and humanity at large. And lay out and present a way that making that happen that is believable, desirable, and inspirational…and compels economic development. Methods: Documentaries Commercialization of space Tie with TV, pop culture and gaming Inventions of possibility / ROI Press conference Communicate message Incentives Example of vision that NASA supports The legacy of NASA Taglines: The door to commercial space has just been opened The solution to a better world lies just beyond this one – welcome to the magic of space We’ve spent 40 years and billions of dollars opening the door, now we’re sending you a VIP invitation We’re giving you the space to make it happen! Developing the magic of space Position Statement

  8. Pathfinder Project • Comprehensive and Persuasive • Define and describe product(s) • Market research: • Identify market(s) • Primary • Secondary • Etc. • Quantify market(s) • Describe target addressable market(s) • Define product development requirements • Cost requirements • Build business models (include value chain) • Build business case • Build business plan: • Revenues • Costs • P/L • Cash flow • Balance sheet Iterate Pro forma 5 years

  9. Grow crystals – fee for service Grow crystals and determine structure Develop own drugs and license Business plan (3 months) Hanser, late access (-36 hrs), temperature control, gentle re-entry Pharma and jewelry Develop a company that can commercialize technology and fly monthly. Funding requires $500-1000K Sample return requires grants or funding source 6 flights, 1000 samples/flight Start to finish 7-25 years Target identification Produce protein Crystallization and structure Medical and test Culture Animal Human I, II, III Pathfinder ProjectSpace Based Crystal Growth Business

  10. Infectious Disease Drug Development: Target Identification Drug test with SF associated models Business case as a function of launch $ Risk adjusted IRR Venture Philanthropists Central labs of big pharma / biotech Team: Mary Lynne Dittmar, Louis Stodieck, Larry DeLucas, Lynn Harper / Rita Briggs (alt.), Bruce Pittman, David Livingston (?), Dallas Bienhoff(?), Bev Garten, Joe Casas, Joe Caroll Reconfigure CGRA for small free flyers Approximately $500K development Pharma-customer Bio Booster Electronic nose UAB Measure volatiles in samples (200 compounds) 1 sec. 2 lasers – library of signatures Cancer detection – NIH Health monitoring NASA – life detection, environmental monitoring Funding need for handheld version $500-1000K Wearable physiological monitoring in extreme environments NASA – EVA Military – battlefield diagnostics Firefighters Deep sea diving TRL – 4-5 – Need to rugged-ize and simplify ops Med ops funding now and DOD Pathfinder ProjectInfectious Disease / Drug Development / Human Health

  11. Objectives: Educate / raise awareness of the need and our solution Inspire and build support Audiences: High-tech (knowledgeable of space R&D) General public at key milestones Education community NIH CDC Medical press AMA Health insurance companies Pharmaceutical Companies Messages: Flight-proven Urgency! Hardware built We’re the best – i.e, differentiate Value – fast track to a cure Benefits – on the ground takes too long Help us help you! Vehicles: Medical journals / research publications News media Special events Prizes Conferences / workshops / exhibits Take space to biotech conferences and other customers Special class education programs Press conferences Medical writers fly on KC-135 with crystal experiment and other experimental opportunities Give away crystal jewelry Launch promotion Live television and webcast Website for project Newsletter (print and electronic) to audiences Marketing the Pathfinder Project

  12. Audiences: Investors Policy makers (elected officials) Trades Potential partners Research community Educators Next generation scientists Messages: Capability Innovations Unique, will improve our life = value Cost-savings Time-savings Vehicles: Authenticators Television Newspapers Magazines Trade publications Education programs Internet Special events Marketing How to get the word out Audience Communication Vehicle Message

  13. Corporate Built Facility Ownership: suitable for transfer to commercial Commercial management Must be modular NASA must guarantee minimum usage Possible Tenants: NASA exploration vehicle NASA science Department of Defense China and Russia Tourism industry Mining Other industries Commercial science Lunar Base for exploration and other support NASA funds and serves as an “anchor tenant” Staged development Pay rent, utilities, etc. Options for building: NASA built Consortium Commercial Commercial Enterprise OptionsHuman Life Support / Habitats / Advanced Materials

  14. Cost= $7M+$7M+$6M= $20M LV SC Ops Facilities -$10M Non-recurring engring -$30M Refuel & Resupply Service for Large GEO Assets Extend lifetime of $400M investment for $40M price yielding $20M profit Market assumptions: 25 GEO launches per year 5 want servicing 5/yr @ $20M = $100M profit/yr 200 100 C 0 Initial Funding Development Commercial Enterprise OptionsSpacecraft Systems

  15. 1. Timely Google Earth, Moon, Mars Who are the customers?: World of internet users Precision agriculture – viticulture Real estate / insurance Land use planning Nosey neighbors Commodity markets / investment FEMA Size of market?: Free now, would pay? Revenue strategy: Creating tools for Cost: Licensing of data by government entities Barriers: Coverage, real-time, trending, time-stamping, security Do we need more infrastructure data or correcting systems?: Tools created by commercial interests E.g. Urban maps, Zillow Real Estate Portal 2. In “space” communication utility / Data storage (stage 1) 5-10 year implementation for development Who are the customers?: Everyone! Voice, video, data Government Private Education Size of market?: Requires government as anchor tenant Execution – 80 satellites in 5 years as Grayscale Iridium Corp. Speed timeline: ROI at a cost of $5 million per unit LU/O unit transport cost Commercial Enterprise OptionsImaging and Communications

  16. Commercial Enterprise OptionsImaging and Communications 3. Virtual Exploration of Moon, Mars, everywhere (stage 2) • Who are the customers?: • Resource utilization • Government • Video game market / entertainment (e.g. movies, commercials, etc.) • Discovery Channel • National Geographic • Education • Size of market?: • Competitive analysis and determine market • Scale: • Both II and III can be used universally to be modified by end users • Intangibles: • Knowledge • Value propisition: • Gaming becomes virtual in real universe / world • “Flying spacecraft in real space”

  17. Propellant Sales: Market: $5B/year LEO, $3B/year Moon R&D: LEO <$2.5B, Moon <$7B Simple payback: 3.5 years LEO, 7 years Moon. Simple ROI: $5B/year LEO and $3B Moon cash flow. 20% of cash flow for investor ROI Proven Science: CEFGW Propellant Cryo management and ISRU AR&D Good management team – yes Track record Market Barrier: NASA/USG for LEO – Space X success Demos 5 GEO transfers Gut incentive / lunar refueling 0-g, 0-tax Commercial Enterprise OptionsPower and Propulsion

  18. Opportunity #3: ISRU propellants + building materials Analogue solar cell production with regolith stimulants (Moon) futures market: straddles, puts, calls, hedge funds, long/short, R.L. & K.H. Opportunity #4: Government guaranteed purchase contract Performance bond moon base 2015 Business development bank financing Title IX loans (Now!) Scar for refueling: SM, LSAM Commercial Enterprise OptionsPower and Propulsion

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