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The Conquest of Alexander the Great: Uniting Greece and Persia

This text explores the rise and conquests of Alexander the Great, from his establishment of Macedonian power to his victories over the Persian Empire. It delves into his military strategies, including the use of the phalanx, and the impact of his reign on Greek and Persian cultures.

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The Conquest of Alexander the Great: Uniting Greece and Persia

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Alexander’s Empire • Peloponnesian War weakened Greek city-states • Philip II, King of Macedonia, decided to take advantage of this

  2. Philip Builds Macedonian Power • Greeks considered Macedonians uncivilized

  3. Philip’s Army • King at age 23 • Used his phalanx to attack Greece

  4. Athens and Thebes joined forces to fight Philip’s army They were defeated at the battle at Chaeronea (KAIR un NEE uh) Philip is generous and agrees to release prisoners Philip is assassinated, son Alexander becomes king. Conquest of Greece

  5. Alexander Defeats Persia • Thebes revolts • Alexander destroys the city • Other city-states were frightened and wouldn’t revolt

  6. Greece is under control, sets sight on Persia Defeats Persians at the Granicus River Persian King, Darius III, vowed to crush Alexander Outnumbered, Alexander launches a surprise attack Darius flees Invasion of Persia

  7. In an attempt of a truce, Darius offers Alexander part of the Persian empire Alexander declines, wants all of the Persian Empire Marched into Egypt. They crown him a pharaoh. He founds Alexandria Alexander marches into Mesopotamia Clashes with Darius who ends up fleeing Alexander conquers Persepolis, Persia’ capital Conquering the Persian Empire

  8. Alexander continued after Darius and to Persia’s Asian provinces Found Darius already dead Continued to push eastward Alexander’s Other Conquests

  9. In the Indus Valley met an Indian army Alex. defeats them, but marches troops another 200 miles Morale was low 11 years of fighting Soldiers wanted to go home Alexander agreed to turn back At Babylon Alexander becomes ill and dies at age 32 Alexander in India

  10. Macedonian Generals fought over who should control the empire Antigonus became king of Macedonia and Greek city-states Ptolemy seized Egypt and became pharaoh Seleucus took old Persian Empire They ignored democratic traditions and ruled with complete power Alexander's Legacy

  11. Cultural Impact • Tried to unite Macedonians and Persians. • Alexander adopted Persian dress • Married a Persian women • Persians and other foreigners joined the army • Greek and Eastern customs began to blend

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