1 / 24

Great Depression

Great Depression. AM Studies III. Troubles on the Horizon. New technologies Hindered older ones Automobile industry hurt the railroads End of WWI hurt mining and lumber business Hydro-electric, oil and Natural Gas hurt Coal Farming Farmers producing more than they could sell

paniz
Télécharger la présentation

Great Depression

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Great Depression AM Studies III

  2. Troubles on the Horizon • New technologies Hindered older ones • Automobile industry hurt the railroads • End of WWI hurt mining and lumber business • Hydro-electric, oil and Natural Gas hurt Coal • Farming • Farmers producing more than they could sell • Price of goods dropped as much as 40% • Famers couldn’t pay off debt

  3. Troubles on the Horizon • Uneven distribution of wealth • Wealthiest 1% saw an income increase of 75% while the rest of America saw a 9% increase • Many people could not afford the products that factories were producing • Credit Buying • Arrangement in which you pay later and get goods now • Americans were living beyond their means and could not afford their monthly installments

  4. Hoover – Smith Election of 1928 • Atmosphere was positive and it appeared like it would lead to an easy win for the Republicans • Republicans were in control during the 1920s where everything was wonderful • Hover was quoted, “We in America are nearer to the final triumph over poverty than ever before.” • How wrong he was about to be • Overwhelming Republican victory for Hoover

  5. BOOOOOOOOM • October 24 the market took a plunge • Panicked investors began to pull out their shares • This is known as black Tuesday • Shareholders tried to sell before shares fell more • Millions of shares could not find buyers • People who bought on credit were stuck with huge debts and most lost their savings • Mid November investors lost $30 Billion

  6. Financial Collapse • Bank Failures • People began to pull their money out of the banks • Problem was the banks were investing their money and could not refund everybody's money • 600 banks closed in 1929 and by 1933 11,000 of the nations 25,000 banks had failed • Government at the time did not protect or insure peoples bank accounts

  7. Financial Collapse Other businesses were hurt too Between 1929 to 32 the gross national product dropped from $104 Billion to $59 billion About 90,000 businesses went bankrupt Unemployment leaped from 3% (1.6 mil) to 25% (13 mill)

  8. Worldwide Shockwaves • Europe and the United States had complicated each others depression • Europe was trying to rebuild their economy • America’s economy was hurting thus limiting our ability to buy European goods • This hurt Europe even more making it more difficult to buy American goods • Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act of 1930 • Eliminated foreign competition thus reducing the amount that foreign competition could buy from us

  9. City Depression • Many Factory jobs were lost • People lost their homes and ended up in the streets • Shantytowns • Little towns consisting of shacks sprung up everywhere • These were made of whatever they could get their hands on • Orange crates, boxes and whatever else they could get their hands on • Mexican Americans and African Americans were especially hard hit • Whites were demanding the deportation of Latin Americans because they were fighting for the same jobs

  10. Rural Depression One major advantage for rural people is they can make their own food Many lost their farms and were forced to turn to tenant farming 400,000 farms were lost through foreclosure

  11. Family Life • Many feared the depression would cause the collapse of the American family • Families would stay home now and play games like Monopoly 1933. • Men had difficulty dealing with unemployment since it was their role to provide for the family • 300,000 wandered the country looking for work • Women were in charge of the family budget and some began to find work • Paid less than men • Became a source of resentment since they were taking jobs away from men

  12. Children Suffered Malnutrition was very common At the same time cities and states were cutting budgets on everything, including child welfare programs Towns were forced to shorten the school year and some 2,600 schools shut down Many teenagers left home looking for work Hoover tourists

  13. Hoover struggles • Took the idea that any economy that experienced periods of growth would naturally be followed by a depression • Didn’t believe people want to be given free handouts and that it would be disrespectful • Promoted Cooperation rather than direct government intervention • Democrats win congressional elections in 1930 • People were frustrated with the economy and decided to move away from the Republicans

  14. Hoover Roosevelt Election • Americans Wanted to get away from the Republicans • Blamed them for not fixing the depression • Republicans figured they lost b/c they were blamed for not doing enough to get out of the depression • Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) won nomination for the democrats • Democrats choose him because of his work as governor of NY and was a distant cousin of Teddy Roosevelt

  15. Landslide Victory for Dems Roosevelt won the popular vote 23 million to 16 million for Hoover Senate won 2/3 majority House had ¾ of the seats

  16. New Deal • The New Deal • Roosevelt’s plan for dealing with the Great Depression • Focused on three general goals • Relief for the needy • Economic Recovery • Financial Reform

  17. The Hundred Days • March 9 to June 16, 1933 • Congress passed more than 15 major pieces of Legislation • These laws and regulations great increased the power of the federal government • Some opponents to the new deal argued that • Federal Government was becoming too large • Controlling business wasn’t going to help us • Deficit Spending • Spending more than the government is taking in

  18. Second New Deal • Trying to help workers and farmers • WPA is created • Job was to create as many jobs as possible. • 850 airports were built • 651,000 miles of roads • 125,000 public buildings • Social Security Act in which is still in place today • Pushed to get electricity in rural areas

  19. Did the New Deal end the Depression? • No but it did largely two things • Allowed people some temporary employment • Showed Americans that the Federal Government was willing to help them • Roosevelt easily wins re-election in 1936 • Enhanced the lives of Women and minorities • Swings the votes of Labor unions and African Americans for the 1st time

  20. Nazi’s find Friends

  21. Nazi’s take control of Europe • Austria is declared part of the German Reich. • 13th March, 1938 • German Army occupies the Sudetenland. • 1st October, 1938 • The German Army invades Czechoslovakia. • 15th March, 1939 • The German Army reach the city of Brest-Litovsk on the Polish border with the Soviet Union. • 17th September, 1939

  22. Nazi’s take control of Europe • The German Army invades Denmark. • 8th April, 1940 • The German Army invades Norway. • 8th April, 1940 • Netherlands surrenders and Queen Wilhelmina flees to England. • 14th May, 1940 • Belgium surrender to the German Army and Leopold III is arrested. • 28th May, 1940

  23. Nazi’s take control of Europe • The German Army enters Paris. • 14th June, 1940 • Yugoslavia surrenders to the German Army. • 17th April, 1941

More Related