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Enrolment policy in EU

Enrolment policy in EU. Željko Dujić, MD, PhD Vice rector for science and international affaires University of Split, Croatia. Communication from the Commission (2003). The new challenges facing European Universities

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Enrolment policy in EU

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  1. Enrolment policy in EU Željko Dujić, MD, PhD Vice rector for science and international affaires University of Split, Croatia

  2. Communication from the Commission (2003) The new challenges facing European Universities 1. Increased demand for higher education (UK and Denmark have set a target of training 50% of a given age group at university level between now and 2010) at a time of limited resources (human and financial) at all levels ending with LLL.

  3. Finland – 110 000 applicants – first cycle, 64 000 took entrance examinations, 27 000 were accepted, student selection in 2000 by field of study (Chart 1) and total number of students 1992-2000 (Chart 2).

  4. Netherlands – total number of students 1968-2001 (Fig. 2.7.2) and by field of study (Fig. 2.7.3).

  5. Poland – the upsurge in the number of students is foremost related to the increase in the number of evening and weekend students. Larger number of high school graduates continue their education in HE sector – in 1990 13% and in 2001 44%. Progression from stage of «elite» to «mass» stage. The key challenge for the begenning of 21st century will be to upkeep the dynamic growth, and a constant quality improvement of HE system.

  6. Austria – 41% of an age group obtain the right to enter HE though the «Matura», increase of about 10% since 1990s.

  7. 2. Bologna reforms (BR) cannot be realised without additional funding in teaching and learning. More than 80% HEIs is discontent with financial support for BR. Socio-economic status of enroled students.

  8. With the exception of Ireland and the USA the participation rate of the most disadvantaged group improved at a slower rate than overall participation.

  9. 3. The internationalisation of education and research results with increased competition (national and international)

  10. Diversification of institutional profiles – only 13% of all European HEIs (16% of universities) see themselves as serving a world-wide community and only 7% see themselves as primarily serving a European community (Table 4 and Fig 18)

  11. Overall import and export balance of student mobility in Europe per country (Fig 3). Student migration between world regions (Fig 4 and 6).

  12. 4. A high drop-out rate among students, standing at an average of around 40% in the Union. The «education for everybody» approach in the HE has resulted in huge expansion of the student population. In most Member States a successful secondary school career gives automatic right of access to university studies without no additional selection. This right is considered as an essential element of democracy to guarantee equality for all citizens (age, gender, minorities). In certain Member States, the universities themselves apply selection systems, in particular subject areas (particularly medicine and veterinary sceince) sometimes apply additional selection criteria.

  13. Enrolment policy at first cycle/second cycle/doctoral education Enrolment policy at first cycle – automatic after secondary education ending with/without state exam, additional entrance exams (specific for field of study) and/or combination of both. Universities are autonomous in defing entrance criteria.

  14. Finland – the applicant may apply and be accepted for a number of places at the same time. Students can be ranked on the basis of marks in the matriculation examination and in the school-leaving certificate plus entrance tests; on the basis of entrance tests only; on the basis of marks in the matriculation examination and in the school-leaving certificate. There is no national entrance examination common to all universities.

  15. Germany – students are enrolled through the central register and can be admitted in any university. For a few studies there is a numerus clausus.

  16. Enrolment policy at second cycle – master's programmes are accessible for students with an appropriate academic Bachelor's degree. Students with a profession-oriented Bachelor's degree can enter a Master's programme (Belgium). Joint European master programmes – new trend in this field.

  17. Enrolment policy for doctoral programmes – students with adequate Master's degree and/or entrance exam. Trends: European doctorate label, Erasmus Mundus programme, EURODOC (association of PhD students, www.eurodoc.net).

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