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This resource explores the vital aspects of culturally responsive literacy instruction, focusing on the multidimensional variables that influence student learning, including culture, socioeconomic status, and environmental factors. It emphasizes the importance of teachers establishing high expectations, forging positive relationships with families, and employing active teaching strategies. Key reading areas such as phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension are detailed, alongside innovative approaches to improve phonological processing, decoding skills, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension in middle-level readers.
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Culturally Responsive Literacy Instruction Multidimensional Variables: Cultural, Socioeconomic, Environmental
Take advantage of students’: • Culture • Language • Values • Symbols • History • Interests • Experiences • Prior Knowledge/Background
Six Characteristics: • Teachers set high expectations • Teachers develop positive relationships with families and community • Teachers exhibit cultural sensitivity • Teacher involve students by using active teaching strategies • Teachers act as facilitators • Teachers use cooperative learning groups
Review: 5 Critical Reading Areas • Phonemic Awareness • Phonics • Fluency • Vocabulary • Comprehension
Improving Phonological Processing in Middle Level Readers • Explicitly model phonological detection using culturally relevant material • Practice phoneme discrimination with media materials • Purposefully arrange task difficulty • Emphasize clapping names, pictures, and words • Use picture guess • Play “Which One”?
Improving Phonological Processing in Middle Level Readers • Use splitting rhymes • Use alliteration when reading stories aloud • Create tongue twisters • Use spoonerisms • Use popular music (preview lyrics first) • Compile a class rhyme book
Improving Decoding and Structural Analysis Skills in Middle Level Readers • Diagram sound-letter relationships • Play onset and rime games • Use DISSECT (discover the content, isolate the prefix, separate the suffix, say the stem, examine the stem, check with someone, try the dictionary) to decode words • Play counting and syllabication • Use relevant reading selections • Play rhyming games • Use Word Categories
Improving Fluency in Middle Level Readers • Responsibility, opportunities, engagement, demonstration, risk taking, instruction, choice, assessment • Read aloud and modeling • Buddy-reading • Choral reading • Vocabulary and multiple meanings • Use poetry to introduce new words • Spelling instruction – especially high frequency words
Improving Vocabulary in Middle Level Readers • Need to develop a large repertoire of academic vocabulary • Independent reading • Individual word instruction • Word-learning strategies • Word consciousness • Morphemic and contextual analysis (break words down to facilitate understanding) • Teach use of dictionary • Peer tutoring flash cards
Improving Comprehension in Middle Level Readers • Concept maps and graphic organizers (Venn, cause-and-effect, sequencing, main idea and details) • Cooperative learning (Think-pair-share, roundtable, corners, graffiti, learning together, jigsaw, group investigation) • Literature based reading instruction • Multiethnic and multicultural literature • Student team literature
In conclusion,culturally responsive literacy instruction connects students’ backgrounds, interests, and experiences to the standards based curriculum.
