FLIGHT SCHEDULE MONITOR (FSM)

1. FLIGHT SCHEDULE MONITOR(FSM) 55116 Spring 2005 FSM Version 8.0 LESSON 5 GAAP Background, Concept, and FAQs (GAAP = General Aviation Airport Program)

2. LESSON OBJECTIVES IAW ETMS Reference Manual and without references, you will demonstrate an understanding of: • Differences and Similarities between GDPs with DAS and GAAP (General Aviation Airport Program) delay assignment • DAS and GAAP Pop-up Delay Assignment • What is the GAAP Delay Limit and when do flights receive the Delay Limit • New GDP parameters to support GAAP delay assignment • When is it appropriate to use a GAAP GDP • How unassigned slots are displayed • Options for Managing GAAP GDPs • What happens during Compression of a GAAP GDP • Removing Flights during a GAAP GDP • Frequently Asked Questions Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

3. Similarities between GDPs with DAS and GAAP delay assignment • The number of slots is determined using the programs Airport Arrival Rate (AAR) set in the AAR tab of the GDT Setup component. • FSM allocates slots to known* flights using RBS++. • If demand exceeds capacity, known flights are assigned delay to even out the demand to meet airport capacity • During Compression, only delayed flights can move into cancelled slots. * A known flight is any flight in the ADL at the time the program is modeled. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

4. Differences between GDPs with DAS and GAAP delay assignment Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

5. DAS Pop-up Delay Assignment A “pop-up” is any flight that is not known about at the time of program implementation. DAS Pop-up Delay Logic • Delay is based on the weighted average delay assigned to known flights in the given 15 minute bin. • For Example, if a pop-up flight’s ETA is 1513z, ETMS processing assigns the average delay to the flight based on the average delay that was given to known flights with original ETA’s between the 1500 – 1514 time period. • This logic was formerly known as FA delay • During a DAS GDP, pop-up flights receive a Control Type of FA • Flights with a Control Type of FA are ineligible for substitution, compression, and SCS requests. • When a revision is run, former pop-ups are reassigned a Control Type of GDP and are then eligible for limited Substitution. • The DAS GDP does not take the airport capacity into account when assigning pop-up flights delay, therefore revision may become necessary due to over delivery. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

6. GAAP Pop-up Delay Assignment A “pop-up” is any flight that is not known about at the time of program implementation. GAAP Pop-up Delay Logic • As a pop-up flight becomes known, ETMS assigns the flight an ASLOT based on the first available Unassigned Slot between the flight’s original ETA and the original ETA plus Delay Limit. • If there is no Unassigned Slot available, the flight receives a CTA equal to it’s original ETA plus the Delay Limit. • Flights that are given an Unassigned Slot receive a Control Type of GAAP • Flights that are given the Delay Limit (ETA + Delay Limit) receive a Control Type of FA. • As each unassigned slot is utilized, the slot will be removed from the list of unassigned slots by the Hub site. • Flights with a Control Type of FA are ineligible for substitution, Compression, and SCS requests. • Flights with a Control Type of GAAP are eligible for substitution, Compression, and SCS requests. • When a revision is run, flights with a Control Type of GAAP are reassigned a Control Type of GDP and continue to be eligible for Substitution, Compression, and SCS. • When a revision is run, all flights with a old Control Type of FA are reassigned a Control Type of GDP and are then eligible for limited Substitution, Compression, and SCS. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

7. Flight Control Types Control Type (CTL_TYPE) indicates the specific source of the flight’s most current CTD/CTA. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

8. The Control Type of a flight can be viewed from the Flight Detail window. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

9. From a Flight List, add CTL_TYPE and ATCdelay to view all flights allocated to an unassigned slot and the amount of delay received. CTL_TYPE of GAAP indicates new demand allocated to an Unassigned Slot. CTL_TYPE of FA indicates new demand that has received the Delay Limit Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

10. In the Flight List you can group flights by CTL_TYPE if the list is too long. Grouping flights allows you to view the counts for each control type. Select View > Group Flights and then select CTL_Type and click Apply to Group Flights Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

11. Viewing Unassigned Slots Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

12. Identify unassigned slots during a GAAP delay assignment GDP by looking for white diamonds in the Time Line.

13. Unassigned Slots can also be displayed on the Bar Graph Select View > Show Unassigned Slots to display unassigned slots in white at the top of the bars. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

14. Delay Limit • When GAAP delay assignment is selected, the Delay Limit field on the GDT Setup becomes active (see next slide). • The Delay Limit is the maximum number of minutes a new flight may be initially delayed. • The default Delay Limit is 360 minutes • The 360 minute default was determined to be the best parameter because it reduced the number of revisions needed and therefore the number of times that flight’s control times changed. • A Delay Limit of 360 minutes encourages Users to share information as early as possible and gives minimal delay to known flights. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

15. GDPs with GAAP delay assignment When GAAP is selected from the Delay Assignment Mode dropdown, the Delay Limit becomes active. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

16. 24 PBI GAAP GDP Scenario PBI on January 4, 2004 at 1343 Before initial program. The airport capacity is 24 and there is expected pop-up demand later in the day Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

17. Initial GDP:PBI GAAP GDP with Delay Limit 120 PBI at 1343 After initial GAAP GDP AAR = 24 Although the first several hours have no room for Unassigned Slots, there is plenty of room for Unassigned Slots later in the GDP; which may be appropriate for the situation. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

18. PBI GAAP GDP – Delay Limit 120 minutes PBI at 1507. 120 minute Delay Limit Before Revision Less than 90 minutes after the initial GDP implementation, a Revision is needed Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

19. PBI GAAP GDP – Delay Limit 120 minutes PBI at 1507. 120 minute Delay Limit before Revision and colored by Control Type Note that numerous flights have received the Delay Limit and a Control Type of FA. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

20. PBI GAAP GDP – Delay Limit 120 minutes PBI at 1507. 120 minute Delay Limit after Revision and colored by Control Type Many flights that were known (initial demand) are given additional delay to make room for the over delivery due to flights that received a Delay Limit of 120 minutes. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

21. Initial GDPPBI GAAP GDP with Delay Limit 360 PBI on January 4, 2004 at 1343 After initial program at a 24 Rate The initial Delay of flights is the same regardless of the Delay Limit Parameter. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

22. PBI GAAP GDP – Delay Limit 360 minutes PBI at 1507. 360 minute Delay Limit Around 90 minutes after the initial GDP implementation, a Revision is not necessary, as was the case with a 120 Delay Limit Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

23. PBI GAAP GDP – Delay Limit 360 minutes PBI at 1507. 360 minute Delay Limit before Revision and colored by Control Type At the same time as the previous 120 minute Delay Limit example, there is no need for a Revision and no flights have received a Control Type of FA. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

24. 200 GDP Flights GAAP Flights FA Flights 150 100 50 0 Before After Before After Before After 120 minute 180 minute 360 minute maximum maximum maximum Compare 120, 180, and 360 Delay Limits Graph shows average delay to each control type before and after the revision for each Delay Limit parameter. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

25. When is it appropriate to use GAAP vs. DAS GDPs at GA Airports • There will not be enough flights to fill every arrival slot and open slots will be lost with a traditional GDP using DAS • Situations where known demand may not exceed the current capacity, but it is believed that unknown demand due to pop-up traffic will meet or near capacity. • Availability of Unassigned Slots • If there are a limited number of Unassigned Slots, more flights (depending on the number of pop-up flights expected) will likely receive the Delay Limit. • If there are no Unassigned Slots for the first two hours of the modeled program, but there are plenty of Unassigned Slots later in the program, a GAAP GDP may still be appropriate • Ask the User’s if this is acceptable and conference with the NBAA desk before considering a GAAP GDP. *These are only guidelines, and judgment on which is the best option must be used. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

26. Example of a possible GAAP GDP situation Although the first two hours of the program have no Unassigned Slots, there are plenty beginning at 2200 to recover. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

27. Example of when a GAAP GDP may not be appropriate Although demand does not exceed capacity for multiple hours, there are too few Unassigned Slots to run an effective GAAP GDP. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

28. Monitoring a GAAP GDP GDPs at GA Airports • Is the GDP delivering flights appropriately? • View the Demand vs. Capacity on the Bar Graph • What is the availability of Unassigned Slots? • View Unassigned Slots on Time Line and Bar Graph • View Unassigned Slot Report. Select Reports > Counts > Unassigned Slots from the Control Panel. • What kind of delays are flights receiving? • Open a Flight List and add ATC Delay and Control Type Field. *These are only guidelines; judgment, collaboration, and FSM modeling should be used before implementing any option. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

29. Monitoring a GAAP GDP, Unassigned Slots Report Un-assigned Slot Counts Select By Unassigned Slots from the Reports > Countsmenu and the report is displayed. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

30. Monitoring a GAAP GDP GDPs at GA Airports • What kind of delays are flights receiving? • Open a Flight List and add ATC Delay and Control Type Field. *These are only guidelines; judgment, collaboration, and FSM modeling should be used before implementing any option. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

31. Add columns to a Flight List 1. From a Flight List, select View > Add/Remove Columns 2. Select ATCdelay and CTL_Type from the By Field and move to the Fields Displayed 3. Click OK Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

32. From a Flight List, add CTL_TYPE and ATCdelay to view all flights allocated to an unassigned slot and the amount of delay received. CTL_TYPE of GAAP indicates new demand allocated to an Unassigned Slot. CTL_TYPE of FA indicates new demand that has received the Delay Limit Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

33. Managing a GAAP GDP GDPs at GA Airports There are multiple options when managing a GAAP GDP. • Extending the GAAP GDP to create more Unassigned Slots • Transitioning from a GAAP into DAS GDP • Revise from a GAAP GDP into a DAS GDP • Purge the GAAP GDP and Issue an initial DAS GDP *These are only guidelines; judgment, collaboration, and FSM modeling should be used before implementing any option. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

34. 1. Extending a GAAP GDP to create more Unassigned Slots GDPs at GA Airports • If demand has continued to materialized past the End Time you expected you may need to extend the End Time of the Program. • If there are little to no unassigned slots left, extending the program can create additional Unassigned slots. • This will prevent flights from receiving CTA well past the end time of the GDP. • When there are no unassigned slots, flights receive a CTA equal to it’s ETA + Delay Limit, regardless of the end time of the Program. • Talk with the NBAA Desk and Users about why you are extending the End Time of the program. *These are only guidelines; judgment, collaboration, and FSM modeling should be used before implementing any option. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

35. 2.When to Transition from a GAAPinto DAS GDP GDPs at GA Airports It may become necessary to transition from a GAAP GDP into a traditional DAS GDP if: • Unknown demand has materialized and now the known demand exceeds capacity • Too many flights are receiving the FA Delay Limit • The AAR has been reduced and the demand now exceeds the airport capacity • There are two options when transitioning from a GAAP into a DAS: • Revise the GAAP into DAS • Purge the GAAP and issue an Initial DAS GDP *These are only guidelines; judgment, collaboration, and FSM modeling should be used before implementing any option. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

36. 2-A. Revising from a GAAP into DAS GDP GDPs at GA Airports The RBS++ algorithm handles flights with the same logic as any revision: • Exempt flights get first priority • Flights the were previously controlled get second priority. • Flights are ordered based on their previous slot time. • Subbing order is preserved • The order of controlled flights is preserved regardless of the amount of delay received. • Consequences of Revising into DAS GDP: • New pop-up flights into the system receive FA Delay, which more than likely will be less than many flights that were allocated an unassigned slot or Delay Limit during the GAAP GDP. • Flights that received FA delay during a GAAP GDP will still remain in the same relative position after a revision. *These are only guidelines; judgment, collaboration, and FSM modeling should be used before implementing any option. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

37. 2-B.Purge the GAAP GDP and issue an Initial DAS GDP GDPs at GA Airports If you feel the consequences are unacceptable when revising from a GAAP into a DAS GDP, you can choose to Purge the GAAP GDP and issue a new DAS GDP. • Flights are assigned slot times (CTAs) based on their IGTA (Initial Gate Time of Arrival) • Consequences of Purging a GAAP and issuing a new DAS GDP: • Previous subbing performed during the GAAP GDP will be lost • Known flights at the time of the initial GAAP GDP that had received little delay will receive greater delays after factoring in the newly known flights. *These are only guidelines; judgment, collaboration, and FSM modeling should be used before implementing any option. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

38. What happens during Compression of a GAAP GDP GDPs at GA Airports • The Compression logic is the same for a both a GAAP and DAS GDP. • If a cancelled slot is not slot held, does not have a Control Type of FA, and is not removed, then the cancelled flight is considered an “Open Slot” for compression. • If a non-cancelled flight’s IGTA-taxi is earlier than an Open Slot time, then it is eligible for Compression into the Open Slot. • If no flights have an IGTA-taxi at or before an Open Slot’s time, then the Open Slot goes unused during compression. • Cancelled slots do not get reallocated to the unassigned slot pool during any compression or revision. • Cancelled slots often remain unutilized during a GAAP GDP because there is little delay given to flights at the time of the Compression is modeled. If flights are not delayed, they are unable to arrive before their ERTA or IGTA and cannot use the cancelled flights Open Slots. *These are only guidelines; judgment, collaboration, and FSM modeling should be used before implementing any option. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

39. Can a Compression move the cancelled slots back to the end of the program and create more Unassigned Slots? Affiliated flight’s cancelled slots do not get reallocated to the unassigned slot pool during any compression or revision. Active flights can only move into Open Slot times if the flight has an IGTA – taxi time at or Before the Open Slot time (open slot created by cancelled flight) Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

40. Modeling a compression or revision does not always solve the problem and create more unassigned slots as desired Most of the cancelled slots remain in the 2000 hour because there is very little average delay in the program and flights from the 2100z hour cannot move into the 2000 hour’s cancelled slots. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

41. Options for managing cancelled flights that are using capacity during a GAAP GDP. • Have the CSA Remove cancelled flights and then run a Revision. • Confirm with the Users that they do not plan to use the cancelled slots • Have the CSA remove the cancelled flights • Wait for the removed flights to reflect in the ADL. Removed flights are colored Royal Blue. • Select View > Show Cancellations in the Bar Graph • Open the Color Legend • Check Removed in the Legend to display removed flights • Model and Send a Revision • The removed flights are not considered demand, and their previous slots will be reallocated to known flights if possible or to the Unassigned Slot pool during a Revision. (A compression will not work). • Let the program continue to run until there are enough delayed flights. Once there are numerous flights with significant delay, they will have the ability to move to an earlier slot time and utilized the cancelled slot times during a Compression. Note: The Compression Algorithm will be enhanced to utilized Unassigned Slots during Compression in FSM 8.02. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

42. Frequently Asked Questions GDPs at GA Airports • Are Cancelled flights returned to the Unassigned Slot Pool? • Yes and No. Slots for unaffiliated flights that are cancelled are immediately returned to the unassigned slot pool, but affiliated flights are not. Affiliated carriers have the option to hold their cancelled slots for the purpose of subbing, therefore slots for affiliated flights are NOT automatically returned to the unassigned slot pool. • Are Unassigned slots used during Compression? • No, Unassigned Slots are not used during compression for FSM 8.0. Note: In FSM 8.02, scheduled for release this Summer, Unassigned Slots will be used during Compression. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

43. Frequently Asked Questions, Cont. GDPs at GA Airports • Why Did a flight receive a large delay when the average delay is significantly smaller? • It is likely that all unassigned slots have already been allocated in the hour where the flight originally filed. ETMS finds the first available unassigned slot up to the Delay Limit. Therefore a flight can receive a delay up to 360 minutes when there are no available unassigned slots. Note: To see max and average delay, open the Carrier Statistics Report. • Does the OIS update with each ADL during a GAAP GDP? A. Yes, the OIS average delay updates during GAAP GDPs. Average delay can still be deceiving because it is an average delay calculation. There are many flights with zero or little delay in a GAAP GDP which will cause the average delay to be smaller than what many flights are receiving. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

44. Frequently Asked Questions, Cont. GDPs at GA Airports • Why is SCS not working for my GAAP GDP? A. SCS will only work when there are enough delayed flights that have the ability to compress into earlier slot times. Frequently during a GAAP GDP, there is little delay and therefore SCS is often rejected by ETMS. Try using a different Update option. • Do Carriers receive delay during a GAAP GDP? A. Yes, carriers, as well as any known demand at the time of program implementation are subject to Ration by Schedule (RBS++). If the demand is greater than the capacity, known users can receive departure delay, although it will likely be very minimal during a GAAP GDP. For example, if 5 flights are known to arrive at the same time, the FSM slot allocation algorithm spaces the arrivals apart based on the 15 minute AAR. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

45. Frequently Asked Questions, Cont. GDPs at GA Airports • Why should I run a long duration even when the expected extra demand is only predicted for a few hours? • When a GAAP is implemented, slots are available until they are used from the start time of the program until the end time of the program. When a flight pops-up (or files following inception of the program) ETMS will seek out the next available slot in which to insert the flight. If no slot is available, ETMS will push the flight out to a maximum of the Delay Limit (default of 360 minutes). The problem is, if a flight files near the end time of the program and there are no Unassigned Slots available, the flight will be assigned a CTA equal to the ETA + Delay Limit, regardless of the End time of the program. Therefore flights can be assigned a CTA well after the end time of the program. Note: Set your GAAP GDP End Time well past (length of Delay Limit is a good guideline) when you expect demand to diminish or the AAR to rise. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

46. LESSON 5 EXERCISE Issue a GAAP GDP • Monitor an airport with considerable GA traffic • Go to GDT mode. • Model both a DAS and GAAP GDP if unsure if a GAAP is appropriate • Enter the GDP parameters • Set the Delay Assignment Mode • Model and review the program • Run the GDP. • Fill out the GDP Coversheet • Preview Advisory (Optional) • Send the GDP advisory. • Return to monitor the airport. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

47. LESSON 5 EXERCISE (continued) Monitor an airport with a GAAP GDP running • View the Unassigned Slots in the Time Line. • View the Unassigned Slots in the Bar Graph. • Select View > Show Unassigned Slots to display slots. • View the Unassigned Slots Report • From the Control Panel select Reports > Counts > By Unassigned Slots • Use EDCT Commands to view an unassigned slot list report. • Select ETMS Tools > EDCT Commands > EDCT UNASSIGNEDSLOTS Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

48. LESSON 5 EXERCISES (continued) Model a GAAP GDP revision/extension • Review the Bar Graph for a conflict between the capacity and demand • Review the number of Unassigned Slots available • Review a Flight List for the what type of Delay Flights are receiving (GDP, GAAP, FA) and what is the ATC Delay of those flights. • Go to GDT mode • Model a GAAP GDP revision/extension • Set Parameters as necessary for the revision/extension • Set time range – possibly with later end time to create more unassigned slots later in the program. • Model and review the Power Run results. • Review the delivery in the Bar Graph. • Review the number of Unassigned Slots available. Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

49. LESSON 5 EXERCISES (continued) Model a GAAP into DAS GDP Revision • Open a GAAP GDP • Review the Bar Graph for a conflict between the capacity and demand • Review the number of Unassigned Slots available • Review a Flight List for the what type of Delay Flights are receiving (GDP, GAAP, FA) and what is the ATC Delay of those flights. • Go to GDT mode • Model a Revision from GAAP to DAS GDP revision. • Set Parameters as necessary for the revision/extension • Remember to change the Delay Assignment mode to DAS on the General tab. • Model and review the Power Run results. • Review the modeled revision/extension • Review the delivery in the Bar Graph. • Review the event statistics in the Data Graph. • Decide on what type of Revision is best • Run to open the GDP Coversheet • Send the GDP revision and Advisory • Return to monitoring the GDP Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240

50. LESSON OBJECTIVES IAW ETMS Reference Manual and without references, you will demonstrate an understanding of: • Differences and Similarities between GDPs with DAS and GAAP (General Aviation Airport Program) delay assignment • DAS and GAAP Pop-up Delay Assignment • What is the GAAP Delay Limit and when do flights receive the Delay Limit • New GDP parameters to support GAAP delay assignment • When is it appropriate to use a GAAP GDP • How unassigned slots are displayed • Options for Managing GAAP GDPs • What happens during Compression of a GAAP GDP • Removing Flights during a GAAP GDP • Frequently Asked Questions Lesson 2.x Managing Multiple Airports and Components ATCSCC ATT-240