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CHANGING BALANCE OF POWER

CHANGING BALANCE OF POWER. SHIFTING ALLIANCES AND OUTCOMES OF WWII. WWII CASUALTIES. Morris & Murphy 385. WHAT IS A COLD WAR??. When did it start? Who was involved? Why did it start? When did it end?. US and USSR – Friends and Foes?.

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CHANGING BALANCE OF POWER

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  1. CHANGING BALANCE OF POWER SHIFTING ALLIANCES AND OUTCOMES OF WWII

  2. WWII CASUALTIES Morris & Murphy 385

  3. WHAT IS A COLD WAR?? • When did it start? • Who was involved? • Why did it start? • When did it end?

  4. US and USSR – Friends and Foes? Did the Cold War begin after 1945 or did it start in 1917?

  5. “West” supports Mensheviks in Civil War West does NOT recognize the Soviet Union Appeasement of Hitler worries Stalin Fears of encirclement Ideology: Lenin vs Wilson (democracy=command economy and international revolution?) Marxism-Leninism seen as expansionistic (Comintern 1919-1943) Stalin’s purges Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact 1939 Soviet Union annexes Finland 1939-1940 Ideology: Lenin vs Wilson (Democracy=capitalist individualism?) FOES 1917-1941 SOVIET VIEW “WEST” VIEW

  6. FRIENDS 1941-1945? • Germans invade Soviet Union (Operation Barbarossa 1941) • BOTH sides fear the Nazis = GRAND ALLIANCE

  7. “The enemy of my enemy is my friend…If Hitler invaded hell, I would make at least a favorable reference to the devil in the House of Commons

  8. Tehrān, Iran Capital of Iran since 1788, Tehrān was built up and modernized during the reign of the Pahlavi dynasty, which lasted from 1925 to 1979

  9. Tehran 1943 • The Tehrān conference marked the high point of the East-West wartime alliance. Stalin came to the meeting as a victorious war leader; large quantities of U.S. lend-lease aid(1941-1945 $3 billion) were flowing into the Soviet Union • and the decision on Overlord satisfied the long-standing Soviet demand for a second front. http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/wwii/amsov42.htm http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761563737_10/World_War_II.html

  10. Big Three at Yalta

  11. What issues will emerge from this picture?

  12. Compare: Europe at the end of WWII and during the Cold War

  13. POLITICAL IMPACT • Fascism and Nazism vanish as doctrines • Changing Balance of Power • Germany no longer a major European power • Soviet Union is the major European power • Europe declines as a major international power • US and USSR emerge as superpowers

  14. CHANGES TO NATURE OF CONFRONTATION • Confrontation is now (more) about different conceptions of freedom and democracy (rather than on economic and political ambitions of European states) • Nuclear arms race – use of atomic bombs Hiroshima (Aug 6) and Nagasaki (Aug 9) 1945

  15. NATO & US allies Warsaw Pact & Soviet Allies

  16. HOMEWORK • TODD: PAGES 130-134 • Make notes on the 4 main areas of disagreement: Germany, Poland, Economic reconstruction & nuclear weapons. • What are the 3 main historical explanations for the start of the Cold War?

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