Historical perspective and review of Gender equality policy Gender Statitics Currently Available

1. UNECE Work SessionGeneva, 11-13 September 2006Fourth SessionItem 5. Dissemination, Marketing and Use of Gender StatisticsThe experience of Eurostat Anatole Tokofai*, Eurostat, Labour Market Unit(*) the views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the ones of the European Commission

2. Outline • Historical perspective and review of Gender equality policy • Gender Statitics Currently Available • Range of dissemination products • Distribution channels and modalities • Analysis of data users • Matching dissemination tools with the different types of users

3. Historical perspective • Gender statistics historically developed to serve the needs of policy-makers at Community level • Therefore, strong link with Community gender equality policy • Community Gender Equality policy designed to provide a common framework co-existing with diverse national legislations, and providing harmonisation, respect of subsidiarity principle

4. Review of gender equality policy • Equal pay for equal work or (for work of equal value) included in the initial Treaty of Rome (1958) • Policy actions in the 70s: Equal pay Directive 75/117, equal treatment Directive (76/207) • European Court of Justice (ECJ) rulings • Until the 1990s, gender equality policy mainly limited to employment and work place

5. Review of gender equality policy • This was reflected in the limited scope of gender statistics collected at Community level • Maastricht Treaty(1993) enabled progress in social policy, hence in gender equality policy (e.g. health and safety at work; involvement of social partners, reconciliation between work and family life) • But still limited to a large extent to the workplace • At global level, impact of Beijing Conf., MDGs

6. Review of gender equality policy • Amsterdam Treaty (1999) extended gender equality to all fields of action of the Community (TEC, Articles 2, 3 & 13) • Enabled adoption of secondary legislation: Community Framework Strategy on Gender Equality (2001-2005), to be followed by Community Roadmap for Gender Equality (2006-2010)

7. Review of gender equality policy • The Framework Strategy (2001-2005) foresees: the development and dissemination of comparable statistics on the situation of women and men • Adotpion of a gender mainstreaming: integration of gender perspective into every stage of policy processes • Implication for Eurostat: ensure that all statistics collected on individuals at EU-level are disaggregated by sex

8. Available gender statistics • Available databases • Demography, international migration and asylum, census and population projection, health, labour force, Earnings, Income and living conditions, Education, LLL, training, Human resources in science and technology, ICT usage, Time use surveys + ongoing work on childcare, crime and victimisation, VAW • Structural indicators (pre-defined tables): • Employment growth, Average exit age from labour force, gender pay gap, lll, accidents at work, Unemployment rate, S&T graduates, E-government usage, at-risk of poverty rate, early school leavers, women and men aged 18-59, living in jobless hh, healthy life years at birth

9. Range of data dissemination products • On-line data for download from Eurostat website • Microdata data for researchers (Labour Force Survey, European Survey on Income and Living Conditions, Structure of Earnings Surveys) • Eurostat publications • Statistics in Focus – all gender-related topics • Working Papers • Pocketbooks – How men and women spend their time • Panorama series - The life of women and men in Europe • - Policy reports: deriving directly from Treaty or from secondary legislation • - Press releases – Women’s day • On going work: gender profile portal, data in focus series

10. Dissemination channels and modalities • Eurostat web site as main channel • Adoption in October 2004 of a free dissemination policy: provide in EN/DE/FR users with data and other products (non confidential data, on-line publications) free of charge • Results: increase of data users, especially non-professionals (web site traffic multiplied by 6 from Sep. 2004 to Apr. 2005) • Other channels • Websites of National Statistical Institutes (NSIs) • EU Bookshops and information relays • Commercial redistribution companies

11. Types of users • Policy departments of the Commission (S.G., Employment, Education/Culture, EcFin,…) • Other EU Institutions, National governments • National Statistical Institutes (NSIs) • Journalists • Social partners (Organisations of employees and of employers) • Lobbyists, women advocates, NGOs • Research organisations, Universities • Consultants, private enterprises • General public

12. Matching between products and type of users

13. Conclusion • Production and dissemination of gender statistics initially linked with development of Community gender equality policy • Momentum reached with Amsterdam Treaty, Community Framework Strategy on Gender Equality (2001-2005), adoption of the gender mainstreaming approach (foreseen/on-going policy actions: establishment of Gender Equality Institute, Implementation of Roadmap on G. Equality, 2007: year of equal opportunity for all) • Wide range of products designed to serve the needs of policy-makers (e.g. stat. Annexes of policy report, structural indicators) and other professional users • Emergence of new type of users after the adoption of free dissemination policy • Eurostat strategy to be more balanced towards different user-groups • more account of the needs of growing user groups (general public, non-professionals), while continuing to support the design and implementation of EU policies, particularly in the field of gender equality

14. Employment rates

15. Part-time employment

16. Gender pay gap in unadjusted form

17. At-risk of poverty rates

18. Educational attainment

19. Academic career

20. Healthy life years at birth

21. Average age of women at birth of first child